The application of feeding behavior to the performance of arc on low ambient temperature → temperature in temperature-controlled neural loop apMPOA

On July 21, 2022, Zhou Yi of the Basic Department of the Army Military Medical University revealed that the coordinated feeding behavior of the two types of MPOA neural circuits responds to changes in

A.

apMPOA → PVH inhibits eating behavior

The researchers found that mice activated massively in the anterior ventral per ventricular part (apMPOA) neurons in the medial anterior pre-optic region after 12 h of fasting, and most of the activated neurons were excitatory neurons

Light-activated apMPOA excitatory neurons were able to significantly inhibit the eating behavior of mice, and body temperature also showed a significant decrease, causing cold defense behavior, and significant autonomous body temperature regulation

Virus tracing experiments have found that apMPOA excitatory neurons project extensively to multiple brain regions such as the terminal striated bed nucleus (BNST), amygdala, paraventricular nucleus (PVH), arched nucleus (ARC), lateral hypothalamus (LH), and dorsal medial hypothalamus (DMH

Further inducing apMPOA by virus→ PVH loop neuron apoptosis can significantly promote feeding behavior at room temperature, high temperature or low temperature, and this promotion of feeding behavior

Apoptosis of neurons in the ARC loop → induced apMPOA significantly inhibits feeding behavior, and this inhibitory feeding behavior

Figure 1: Photoactivation apMPOA excitatory neurons inhibit feeding and lower body temperature

Second, apMPOA→ ARC response to low temperature environment,

apMPOA → PVH response to high temperature environments

Calcium imaging recordings showed no change in calcium ion activity in apMPOA→ ARC and apMPOA → PVH neurons in local thermothermal stimulation (25 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celsius), no change in apMPOA → ARC calcium ion activity in local cold stimulation (25 degrees Celsius to 10 degrees Celsius), but decreased

Under the stimulation of the overall ambient temperature increase→ arc calcium ion activity did not change, but the calcium ion activity of apMPOA → PVH neurons increased

Figure 2: Changes in apMPOA→ APMPOA→ PVH loop neuron activity caused by temperature changes

ApMPOA→ ARC and apMPOA → PVH loops

Anatomical and molecular differences

Injection of retrograde tracing experiments in the PVH and ARC regions, respectively, found a decrease

To further describe the molecular characteristics of the above two loops, the researchers found that there were 455 differential enrichment expression genes in the two loop neurons through single-cell sequencing technology, and further by screening out genes for signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism, and found two main candidate markers

The eppaline peptide receptor Aplnr may be a potential marker for apMPOA→ PVH neurons: about 40% of apMPOA → PVH neurons express Aplnr

The glycopeptide receptor GalR1 may be a potential marker of apMPOA → ARC: about half of apMPOA → ARC express GalR1

Figure 3: Molecular characteristics of apMPOA→ ARC, apMPOA→ PVH loops

summary

This paper reveals the neural circuit mechanisms that coordinate eating behavior in response to ambient temperature: apMPOA→ ARC loops show a positive response to low ambient temperatures, promoting food intake
.
In contrast, apMPOA → PVH loop inhibits food intake, showing a positive response
to high ambient temperatures.

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