Targeting B cells, new CD19 CAR-T construct enters autoimmune diseases

January 5, 2022/eMedClub News/--Recently, a new cell therapy company Kyverna Therapeutics announced that it has obtained an exclusive global license from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for autologous and allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy in Kyverna In, the intellectual property rights related to NIH's new CD19 CAR-T construct can be used
.

It is reported that this construct has unique characteristics suitable for autoimmune diseases
.

Autoimmune disease is a disease in which the body's immune system is abnormal and autoantibodies or auto-effector lymphocytes attack normal cells
.

B cells/plasma cells are one of the most important effector cells for autoimmune diseases, which are mainly manifested in: B cells secrete autoantibodies abnormally and attack normal tissues and organs; B cells secrete large amounts of inflammatory molecules such as TNF, TGF, INF, and induce complement Reaction and inflammation; presenting autoantigens to T cells, inducing T cells to kill normal cells; attacking hormone receptors to cause endocrine disorders, and inducing the body to produce systemic immune abnormalities
.

The new CD19 construct KYV-101 has been proven to solve the problems caused by abnormal B cells
.

Preclinical data shows that CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 can induce deep and complete B cell depletion in the circulation and tissues, resulting in significant curative effects in disease models, supporting the method’s transformative impact on B cell patients Prospect-driven autoimmune diseases
.

▲ CAR-T cell therapy for the immune system (picture source: Kyverna official website) In addition, this next-generation CAR-T construct will also improve the tolerance of traditional CD19 CAR-T, specifically, KYV- 101 uses a fully humanized CD19 CAR combined with a reasonable costimulatory domain to greatly reduce the release of cytokines and improve clinical tolerance.
In a phase 1/2 oncology study involving 20 patients, The researchers observed a reduction in the release of cytokines in the experimental group, and the incidence of severe neurotoxicity was reduced by 10 times
.

"Targeted B cells have shown promise in the treatment of many autoimmune diseases, but there is still a lot of room for improvement
.

" Kyverna Chief Medical Officer Dr.
James Chung said, "We believe that through our CAR-T therapy KYV-101, a more thorough consumption of circulating and tissue-resident B cells will translate into significant efficacy
.

KYV-101's improved safety and fully human anti-CD19 scFv have more advantages than the previous generation CD19 CAR-T.
We look forward to it.
the first half of 2022 to start clinical trials
.

"▲ Kyverna chief medical officer Dr.
James Chung autoimmune disease is reported to get more attention, autoimmune diseases, there are about 100 species, due to the similarity cause a variety of therapeutic drugs are often autoimmune diseases Effective, greatly saving clinical trials and marketing costs
.

And because of the FDA's rare disease policy support, the track has become one of the treatment areas that major pharmaceutical companies are keen on
.

➤mRNA drug treatment of autoimmune diseases mRNA-6231 is a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulated mRNA-based therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases, which encodes interleukin-2 fused with human serum albumin (HSA-IL2m) (IL-2) Mutein, IL-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine and a key survival factor for regulatory T cells (Tregs)
.

It maintains the suppression or expansion of Tregs by promoting the expression of Foxp3 (Treg lineage transcription factor) and subsequent production of immunomodulatory cytokines
.

This biased immune regulation is believed to play a central role in restoring immune homeostasis
.

Recommended reading: Encoding IL-2, Moderna's first mRNA autoimmune drug completed the first patient administrationYimai Meng broke the news ➤Stem cells used in autoimmune disease stem cells play a key role in maintaining tissue integrity and stress-driven regeneration.
Immunity Cells were found to be a key component of stem cells and a significant effector of stem cell behavior
.

Creative Medical Technology Holdings has developed a personalized therapy MyeloCelz for autoimmune diseases based on the new characteristics of regenerative cells to change immune cells
.

MyeloCelz uses adult stem cells from qualified donors to incubate the patient’s immune cells with the donor stem cells.
After the immune cells obtain the required characteristics, the immune cells are extracted and then reinjected into the patient’s body
.

Recommended reading: Activate innate immunity! Stem cells work hand in hand with immune cells to treat autoimmune diseases Yimai Meng broke the news ➤Treg cell therapy treats autoimmune diseases.
T cells include effector T cells and Treg.
In contrast to effector T cells, Treg inhibits the activation of the latter and is in immune tolerance.
Play an important role
.

When used for treatment, T cell therapy can be developed as CAR-T and TCR-T to treat tumors.
Conversely, Treg can be used to develop Treg therapies for autoimmune diseases
.

On June 25, 2021, Abata and ElevateBio established an exclusive strategic partnership to jointly deploy a proprietary process to isolate, design and expand mature thymus-derived Treg cells
.

These Treg cells can target the diseased site for powerful effects without exerting immunosuppression throughout the body
.

Recommended reading: A new era of autoimmune disease treatment! Abata accelerates cell therapy targeting Treg Yimai Meng broke the news ➤ Antibody therapy for autoimmune disease BLys plays an important role in the proliferation of B cells.
It has 3 receptors on the B cell membrane, namely BAFF-R and BCMA And TACI, TACI also has a ligand called APRIL, so TACI is also used as an important target for autoimmune diseases; ICOS is a receptor for T cell costimulatory ligand (ICOSLG), which is very important for T cell function and survival
.

On February 1, 2021, the clinical trial application of Amgen's BLys/ICOS bispecific fusion protein drug "AMG 570" was accepted by the CDE
.

Recommended reading: Amgen's BLys/ICOS double-antibody new drug clinical trial is accepted by CDEYimai Meng broke the news.
Reference materials: 1.
https:// licenses-with-national-institutes-of-health-for-autologous-and-allogeneic-anti-cd19-car-t-cellular-therapies-to-treat-autoimmune-diseases/