Study reveals DHA promotes neurodevelopmental mechanisms in the brain

On May 19, the Cell Reports Journal published a research paper entitled "The in-body mechanism of dengethorn development and functional synaptic formation of arglycinlyced dha dependence on x-receptor x-receptor alpha-regulated DHA", conducted by the Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligent Technology (IfOST) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Science Laboratory of Neuroscience, Yu Xiang Research GroupIn combination with experiments on gene manipulation (genetically modified mice, viral injection and embryo electrotransfer), pharmacology, fluorescent dye microinjection, RNA sequencing, encephalophysiological and behavioral techniques, the study found that free DHA in the brain regulates the development of dengethorns and functional synapses through the signaling pathways relied on by RXRA, and analyzes the new mechanism of DHA to promote brain development and function, providing new ideas for the treatment of related diseasesthe formation of neural loops is highly dependent on the formation of functional synapses, and the process is regulated by the synergy of signals inside and outside the cell22 carbon hexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important part of the neuronal mass membrane - in the gray matter region of the cerebral cortex, the fatty acid of the membrane phospholipid is 30%-40% DHADHA is mainly found in the leptopholipid softo, but it can also be released from the membrane under the action of phospholipase, and participate in a variety of signal transductions in a free way or through its derivativesStudies have shown that free DHA is an in vivo receptor of the osdionol X receptor (RXR), but there has been a lack of functional associationnuclear receptor RXRA has been reported to be associated with the development of cognitive ability and certain neurological disordersNumerous studies have shown that dHA deficiency is associated with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders, while DHA supplementation is thought to alleviate or treat developmental delays or neuropsychiatric disorders, and even improve awareness in the normal populationHowever, dietary supplementation of DHA's effects on synaptic function and behavioral performance takes a long period of time, with mice taking weeks and humans months, a far cry from the addition of unested DHA (free DHA) to neurons cultured in vitro to promote synaptic reactivation and synaptic transmission within hours to several daysTherefore, further exploring the mechanism of DHA in body to promote brain development and function is essential to understand its function of regulating brain developmentBased on a known phenomenon, Yu Xiang's research team suggested that the unested DHA in the body may regulate nerve protrusions through its receptor RXRABy constructing Rxra cKO mice with specific specificity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus excitatory neurons, it was found that the dentopoid density of their vertebral neurons decreased significantlyThey further discovered that Rxra's regulation of dendritic and functional dystogenesis is bidirectional, synaptic mediated, cell-autonomous, and the function relies on its DNA binding domain (DNA-binding-domain)In line with the two-way regulation of RXRA, ventricles injection of unested DHA can significantly increase the density of dene, while specific inhibition of DHA release significantly reduces the density of dene, and importantly, injection of DHA in rxra cKO mouse brains does not promote dengethorn developmentIn addition, the expression of early genes (immediate genes, IEGs) decreased in Rxra cKO mice as an important protrusion-triggering regulatory factor, while intra-brain injections of DHA improved the expression of the early geneFinally, they tested the basic behavioral performance of Rxra cKO mice and found that most of them behaved normally, but had significant abnormalities in behavior associated with social memory this study provides evidence of DHA and RXRA as ligand-receptor combinations, regulating the development of dendritic encephalopathy and the formation of functional synapses, and analyzes the new mechanism of DHA to promote brain development and function, providing new ideas for the treatment of related brain diseases (
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