Smart fisheries bring new opportunities for the high-quality development of fisheries

With the advent of the 5G era, information technologies such as the Internet, big data, cloud computing, AI and the Internet of Things are making agriculture more intelligent, and in the field of aquaculture, smart fishery has also become an important starting point for building a high-quality development pattern of marine fishery and an important engine
for promoting the development of the blue marine economy.
What is smart fishery, and what direction should smart fishery develop?

Treat fisheries elements digitally

Smart fishery is an advanced stage of fishery production, the core of which is to integrate emerging technologies, including the Internet, mobile Internet, cloud computing and Internet of Things and other technologies, relying on various sensing nodes (ambient temperature and humidity, soil moisture, carbon dioxide, images, etc.
) and wireless communication networks deployed in fishery production sites to realize intelligent perception, intelligent early warning, intelligent decision-making, intelligent analysis, expert online guidance and other functions
of fishery production environment 。 Smart fisheries mainly deal with all fishery elements in digital form, such as fishery resources, water ecology, fishing and aquaculture, and the entire fishery production process and fishery management process are characterized by
information.

Smart fishery in a narrow sense refers to intelligent management
such as visual remote diagnosis, remote control, and catastrophe early warning of fisheries.
In a broad sense, smart fishery also includes agricultural (fishing) village e-commerce, food anti-counterfeiting, agricultural information services and agricultural leisure tourism
.
The development goal of smart fishery is to achieve low-carbon, economical, circular and efficient development of fishery, and emphasizes the new agricultural model of energy and water saving, spatial intensiveness, green and high yield, as well as the popularization and application
of related technologies.

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "14th Five-Year Plan" National Agricultural and Rural Informatization Development Plan this year, which mentioned smart fishery, the relevant person in charge of the Department of Market and Information Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that smart fishery should promote the construction of smart fisheries, accelerate the digital transformation of breeding modes such as ponds, factory circulating water, deep-water cages, aquaponics and vegetables, and promote the application
of technologies such as online water quality monitoring, intelligent oxygenation, precision feeding, tail water treatment, epidemic prevention and control, and graded sorting of aquatic products.

Promote marine terminals and digital fishing equipment such as satellite communication, positioning and navigation, fish detection, "plug-in AIS", electronic monitoring, electronic fishing logbook, etc.
, and develop electronic observers and fishing robots to realize real-time monitoring and precise fishing by distant-water fishing
vessels.

Promote the construction of marine ranching informatization, and carry out experiments and demonstrations of advanced aquaculture systems such as deep-sea aquaculture platforms and
unmanned fisheries.

Build and improve the fishery administration management information and public service platform, promote the informatization capacity building and smart fishing port construction of coastal and Yangtze River fishing prohibition supervision, and improve the level of
fishery administration and management informatization.

Cost reduction is the essence of smart fisheries

In recent years, the development of China's five modern fishery industries, namely aquaculture, fishing, aquatic product processing, circulation and recreational fishery, is inseparable from the scientific and technological innovation, informatization and intelligence
of fishery.

Information technology has been applied to government-assisted decision-making, resource management, environmental protection, water surface utilization, zoning management, as well as meteorological and sea conditions, fishing condition detection and forecasting, fishing vessel navigation and real-time command of marine production operations
.

Industry insiders said that building smart fisheries and digital fisheries is the key to
modernizing fisheries.
Smart fishery can not only improve the grade and industrialization level of fishery, promote the intelligence and informatization of fishery production process and supervision and management, but also significantly improve the ability and level of fishery production and fishery management decision-making, and promote the transformation and upgrading
of modern fishery.
At present, the Internet of Things and big data applications are promoting the transformation of aquaculture to smart fisheries, towards digital fisheries and smart fisheries
.
Focusing on the four elements of big data "early warning, prediction, decision-making and intelligence", in order to realize the transformation of sweat fishery to smart fishery, a high degree of integration
of breeding technology, equipment technology and information technology is required.

In the era of the Internet of Everything, powerful intelligent equipment frees fish farmers from heavy physical labor
.
Whether it is feeding bait or adjusting water quality, managers can easily do it
on their mobile phones and in front of their computers.
Liu Ying, a professor at the College of Marine Science and Technology and Environment of Dalian Ocean University, believes that "smart fishery = Internet + modern fishery
.
" ”

In an experiment called "Evaluation of Resource Changes in Factory Farming Workshop", with the help of accurate identification of underwater vision technology, aquaculture enterprises can more accurately grasp the quantity, size (body length) and weight of underwater fish, so as to scientifically decide the feeding method and bait amount, effectively avoiding the risk of disease caused
by bait waste and unreasonable feeding.

"The essence of smart fishery is to reduce costs, reduce the operating costs of enterprises, the cost of customer selection and the cost of government supervision
.
" Zheng Xiaolin, deputy general manager of Zhongshan Chengyi Fishery Equipment Technology Co.
, Ltd.
, said
.

For a long time, the aquaculture industry has left the impression that the larger the scale, the more limited the development; Difficulty in recruitment, older age, heavy physical work; Aquaculture enterprises strive to control quality, and the quality and safety of aquatic products are still questioned
.
Smart fisheries are a breakthrough to solve these problems
.

Tang Binguo, chairman of Jingzhou Zhongyi IoT Technology Co.
, Ltd.
, has a similar view: "Internet +, artificial intelligence, and smart fishery are not simple intelligent control units
.
Smart devices are only the foundation, and the ability to analyze, predict and process the captured data is the advanced point of
smart fishery.
”

Tang Binguo introduced that when the intelligent sensor detects that the dissolved oxygen in the water is very low, or even close to zero oxygen, in addition to alarm, can it provide farmers with reasons and trend prediction, give targeted guidance and achieve intelligent oxygenation
.
This kind of scene often happens, like the "May Curse"
of crayfish farming.
Therefore, mining the value of data is the future direction of
smart fisheries.

"In traditional capture fisheries, there are many intermediate links in transactions, information asymmetry, price opacity, and fishermen's financing difficulties have always been pain points
in the industry.
Actively use big data to comprehensively transform traditional marine fisheries, reshape trading methods, improve trading efficiency, and ultimately bring about the upgrading of the industry
.
Ye Ning, chairman of Ningbo Haixian Information Technology Co.
, Ltd.
, said
.

There is a lot of room for future development

Gui Jianfang, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the achievements of China's fishery development, in addition to the promotion of policies, are also inseparable from the contribution
of scientific and technological progress.
At present, the aquaculture industry is facing three pressures, one is cost pressure, inaccurate feeding, and large nutrient waste; Second, environmental pressure, low technical standards, serious environmental degradation; The third is safety pressure, the entry threshold is low, and the quality is uneven
.
The green development of aquaculture industry is inseparable from the continuous innovation and change of the model, which also provides a broad stage and development space
for the development of smart fishery.

Industry insiders put forward four suggestions for the intelligent development of fishery, one is to develop fishery
.
Aquaculture Internet of Things is the product of information technology and fishery development or resource utilization to a certain stage, in order to fully reflect the advantages of Internet of Things in service production, serving the market, serving fishermen and serving the public, it is necessary to vigorously develop a variety of linkage mechanisms such as "company + farmer" and "base linked market", cultivate comprehensive aquaculture enterprises integrating breeding, breeding and promotion, production and marketing, and integration of trade, industry and agriculture, vigorously develop engineering aquaculture and deep-sea fisheries, standardize the construction of healthy aquaculture demonstration farms and implement pond standardization transformation projects.
Continuously improve the scale, standardization, automation, intensification and facility level of aquaculture industry development
.

The second is technology research and development
.
Focusing on the major needs of modern fishery development, under the framework of establishing a precise control system for aquaculture Internet of Things, with the goal of promoting the large-scale application of aquaculture Internet of Things and providing overall technical solutions, the aquaculture Internet of Things research and development demonstration projects are launched at the perception layer, transmission layer, processing layer and application layer respectively, and according to the development scale, breeding mode, aquaculture species and breeding process of the aquaculture industry, organic combination of engineering technology, mechanical equipment and management software and other modern technical means applied to fishery.
The classified development of regionalized Internet of Things technology and the innovative research of productized aquaculture management focus on breakthroughs in key technologies such as water environment perception, intelligent equipment control, production information collection, data intelligent analysis and service system construction, and continuously improve the intelligent level of
fishery production.

The third is to establish standards
.
Focus on the preparation of the development plan and standard system of aquaculture Internet of Things at the provincial level, not only to establish a thick line standard framework at the strategic level of smart fishery, but also to combine the development characteristics and inherent needs of key areas and industrial models such as deep-water wind-resistant cages, marine ranches, and epidemic seed farms, and systematically establish and improve standard complexes in the fields of information perception equipment, information perception equipment evaluation, wireless sensor network technology and aquaculture cloud services, so as to realize the convergence and integration of the Internet of Things industry chain and the aquaculture industry chain
。 Diversified standard formulation (revision) subjects, including standard preparation or personnel with universities, scientific research institutes, research and development enterprises and breeding entities, reflecting the advanced technology and experience application
.

Fourth, social services
.
Support the cooperation between Internet of Things enterprises and aquaculture production and operation entities, on the basis of following the development law of aquaculture industry and the inherent needs of fishery development, jointly develop and establish aquaculture information technology, establish aquaculture information processing models such as prediction, early warning, control and diagnosis, integrate and apply all links, and form a technical model and service system that can be popularized and applied in the chain, so as to provide effective information services
for disaster early warning, water quality monitoring, epidemic prevention and control, etc.

(Wang Jiayi, comprehensive arrangement)

China Food News (October 18, 2022, Edition 06).

(Editor: Wang Jiayi)