Small: Application of nanozymes in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases cause a huge and increasing health burden worldwide, causing the most disability and death
every year.
These diseases share common risk signatures such as obesity, high blood pressure, high fat/glucose metabolism, and oxidative stress, which interfere with many biological processes
in our body.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases cause a huge and increasing health burden worldwide, causing the most disability and death
every year.
These diseases share common risk signatures such as obesity, high blood pressure, high fat/glucose metabolism, and oxidative stress, which interfere with many biological processes
in our body.

Among them, oxidative stress plays a crucial role
in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Excess free radicals attack proteins, fats, and DNA in cells and tissues, inactivating their function, impeding normal signaling pathways and causing damage
to the body.

Image source: https://pubmed.
ncbi.
nlm.
nih.
gov/36192166/

Recently, researchers from Nanjing University published a review article entitled Nanozyme-Enabled Treatment of Cardio- and Cerebrovascular Diseases in the journal Small, which will provide some guiding prospects for the research of nanozymes and promote the development of mimicking enzyme strategies in the treatment of
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the two leading causes of death worldwide
.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role
in the onset and exacerbation of diseases.
Excess ROS can cause cell damage and lead to tissue dysfunction
.
As an emerging enzyme mimetic that provides a unique perspective for treatment through multifunctional action, nanozymes have achieved important results
in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases related to ROS by directly removing excess ROS or regulating pathologically related molecules.

This article first describes the therapeutic mechanism
of nanozymes at the cellular level.
Then, the treatment of nanozymes for several typical cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, mainly cardiovascular diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurological diseases
, is discussed.
Finally, the challenges and prospects
of nanozyme applications are prospected.

CeVO4 nanoenzymes catalyze the reduction of oxygen to water without releasing partially reduced oxygen species

Image source: https://pubmed.
ncbi.
nlm.
nih.
gov/36192166/

Since the discovery of ferromagnetic nanoparticles as HRP mimics in 2007, nanozymes have received increasing attention
.
Due to the advantages of high stability, high activity and low cost, nanozymes have been widely used in various fields including disease treatment
.
The inherent physicochemical properties of nanoenzymes give them the ability to solve many problems
in certain diseases.

In this review, researchers focus on the research progress of nanoenzymes in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which can directly or indirectly regulate inflammation
by clearing ROS, oxygen regulation and NO production.
Although many achievements have been demonstrated, many challenges
remain in developing better therapeutic nanozymes.
(Bio Valley Bioon.
com)

References

Yihong Zhang et al.
Nanozyme-Enabled Treatment of Cardio- and Cerebrovascular Diseases.
Small.
2022 Oct 3; e2204809.
doi: 10.
1002/smll.
202204809.