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The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is enriched in spiny neurons D1-MSNs or D2-MSNs expressing dopamine receptors Drd1 or Drd2, which form multiple circuits with other brain regions to regulate behaviors such as reward, motivation, and emotion
Multiple neuropsychiatric disorders of the nucleus accumbens are associated with NAc neural circuit disturbances
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) regulates blood pressure by cleaving angiotensin I to produce angiotensin II
To treat diseases by targeting specific, enriched molecules expressed on neural circuits to achieve precise neural circuit function
Specific, enriched, and expressed molecules on neural circuits intervene to achieve precise neural circuit function to treat diseases
March 11, 2022 Patrick E.
Figure 1: Captopril regulates the signaling pathway of ACE activity
Figure 1: Captopril-regulated signaling pathway of ACE activityFigure 1: Captopril-regulated signaling pathway of ACE activityThe isolated brain slice experiments showed that the ACE inhibitor captopril could induce long-term inhibitory effect (LTD) of D1-MSN excitatory synapses, but did not affect the D2-MSN excitatory synaptic transmission function
It has been shown that local release of enkephalins from D2-MSNs can modulate excitatory synaptic input to D1-MSNs
In vitro experiments showed that captopril could increase the level of MERF in vitro, but did not affect the levels of other enkephalins
Figure 2: MERF affects excitatory synaptic function in a dose-dependent manner
Figure 2: MERF affects excitatory synaptic function in a dose-dependent manner Figure 2: MERF affects excitatory synaptic function in a dose-dependent mannerThey further found that MERF reduced the tiny excitatory postsynaptic currents in a dose-dependent manner, and that a 100 nM dose of MERF did not cause the above-mentioned changes in synaptic transmission and could be used as a threshold dose
The synergistic reduction of excitatory synaptic inputs by low-dose MERF and captopril was not blocked by delta or kappa opioid antagonists
Figure 3: Fiber-optic recording of calcium activity in D1-MSNs in the NAc region
Figure 3: Calcium ion activity of D1-MSNs in NAc region recorded by fiber optics Figure 3: Calcium ion activity of D1-MSNs in NAc region recorded by optical fiberFiber optic calcium imaging technology found that photoactivation of D1-MSNs in the NAc region resulted in enhanced activity of this type of neurons, but this enhanced effect was attenuated by intraperitoneal injection of captopril
Collectively, we reveal that captopril inhibits ACE activity and reduces MERF degradation, which in turn activates endogenous opioid receptor signaling in the NAc region and attenuates excitatory input to D1-MSNs
Original source:
Original source:Trieu et al.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme gates brain circuit–specific plasticity via an endogenous
opioid
