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Experimental biologists in the Martin laboratory at the University of Lausanne are conducting a study to use light to activate the process of dividing genetically modified yeast cells.
The study is led by Professor Sophie Martin
.
In conducting such experiments, they noticed that a specific protein, when introduced into a cell, would be transferred from the cell's growth area
The theoretical physicist Vavylonis said: "We continued to perform computational simulations, combining the'growth' of cell membranes with protein movement, and after discussing with them, we considered some other assumptions
.
"
This multidisciplinary collaboration combines modeling and experimentation to describe a previously unknown biological process
.
The research team discovered and described a new mechanism used by simple yeast cells to obtain shape
Vavylonis says that when cells move or grow, they must add new membranes to these growth areas
.
The process of membrane transport is called exocytosis
Vavylonis said: "We proved that these processes are coupled: local excess exocytosis causes some proteins attached to the cell membrane to move ('flow') from the growth area
.
" "These leaving proteins mark the non-growth cell area.
This is the first time that the mechanism of the cell pattern—the process by which the cell acquires the inhomogeneity of its surface space—has been confirmed
.
The simulation of the Vavylonis team, led by postdoctoral assistant David Rutkowski, led the Martin team to conduct experimental tests
.
Vavylonis and Rutkowski analyzed the results of the experiment to confirm that the protein distribution they noticed in the simulation matched the data collected from the live cell experiment
The team said that this work may be of particular interest to researchers who study the processes related to cell growth and membrane transport, such as neurobiologists and researchers who study the processes of cancer cells
.
"Our research shows that patterns in biological systems are usually not static," Rutkowski said
.
"Models are established through physical processes, which include continuous flow and replacement
Vavylonis said: "We can provide support for membrane flow patterns
.
" "Finally, Martin's group was able to use this knowledge to design cells whose shapes can be controlled by light
DOI
10.
Cell patterning by secretion-induced plasma membrane flows
