Research status of food safety supervision in food and catering circulation and other links (2)

(3) Application status of rapid food detection technology in circulation

Article 50 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Food Safety Law stipulates that the food safety supervision and administration department can use the rapid inspection (quick inspection) method to conduct preliminary screening of food, and clarifies the legal status of the rapid inspection method as a statutory supervision and inspection method.

1.

The main purpose of rapid food testing is to shorten the testing time, simplifying the sample preparation, experimental preparation, operation process and automation, etc.

First, the experimental preparation is simplified, fewer reagents are used, and the prepared reagents have a longer shelf life;

Second, sample preparation is simple and fast;

The third is a simple, fast and accurate analysis method, the sample can test results in a short time

Food rapid testing can be divided into laboratory rapid testing and on-site rapid testing

2.

At present, the rapid detection methods used by the industrial and commercial departments are mainly on-site rapid detection, and the more widely used is the titration color method, such as the detection of illegal additives such as sulfur dioxide , nitrite , industrial alkali , hydrogen peroxide , formaldehyde , and white lump

At present, most of the industrial and commercial departments have carried out 6-8 fast food inspection projects, and the industrial and commercial departments have carried out more than a dozen projects.

The main problems in the process of rapid inspection of food by the industrial and commercial departments are as follows: the rapid inspection technology (product) certification system has not been established so far, and the rapid inspection products currently appearing on the market are uneven, out of control, and products with poor accuracy and stability.

3.

At present, the industrial and commercial sector uses a small number of on-site rapid testing products for rapid food testing, while laboratory rapid testing products and high-end food rapid testing technologies are rarely used

On the one hand, it focuses on rapid testing methods for product development

(1) Immunoassay-related product immunoassay methods include radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunoassay, fluorescence immunoassay, chemiluminescence immunoassay and gelatin-labeled immunoassay

(2) The rapid detection products of biosensors and electrochemical sensors using sensor technology often have the advantages of small size, integration, low cost, high sensitivity, and strong practicability.

(3) Near-infrared spectroscopy, visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and other spectroscopic detection and analysis instruments.

The rapid detection products developed for various special effects have good advantages in the detection of individual foods and individual items, but they are still unable to do so in the face of a complex food safety environment

On the other hand, it focuses on rapid detection methods for technological development
.

Detection methods can be divided into statutory standard detection methods and other detection methods.
Although standard detection methods are more accurate, due to program restrictions, some clothing techniques are lagging behind today's advanced technology
.
The detection technology of the non-acceptance standard detection method has developed rapidly and is currently widely used.
Some of the technologies that focus on shortening the detection time are suitable for rapid food detection
.
Moreover, most of these technologies are developed on basic detection instruments, which are relatively convenient to apply and can complete the rapid detection of most foods
.
The rapid detection that focuses on technology development has the following advantages: it is conducive to the training of technical personnel's detection ability and technical reserves; in the case of small batches, the actual single-batch cost is lower; the broad spectrum is stronger, and the When encountering new testing needs, targeted rapid testing products are often not available, and broad-spectrum testing technologies can solve the problem; the incidence of false positives and false negatives is low; quantitative testing capabilities are stronger, and some testing methods Close to or even better than the legal testing method; the laboratory configuration is relatively fixed, in the process of food safety testing for complex circulation links, there is no need to frequently purchase new rapid testing equipment
.

China's food has the characteristics of scattered, chaotic, and small production bodies, complex processing techniques, and a wide variety of foods.
The factors that lead to the fact that the food in circulation does not meet the requirements of human health are very complicated and the supervision task is arduous
.
For example, around 2010, there were more than 6,000 agricultural production companies in the U.
S.
, while China has counted 448,000 food production companies.
The existence of these realities makes it difficult for government regulators to conduct effective supervision of the entire production process.
This has also led to the inadequate food supervision model of European and American countries that covers the whole process for China
.
However, when food enters the circulation field, the actual supervision of food is extremely heavy.
Supervision, monitoring and sampling only account for a very small part of the total number of foods, and there is basically no sampling of small workshops with the most prominent safety issues
.

Food supervision in the circulation link has the characteristics of too many batches of inspection requirements, a large number of inspection items for a wide variety of foods, and a short inspection period for fresh and live food.
Government departments need to implement high-throughput and efficient sampling inspections, while fast food inspections Because of its fast, simple, flexible and other characteristics, it is an effective tool to solve regulatory problems
.
Under the current situation, the industry and commerce department can promote the implementation and development of rapid food testing in the following aspects:

First, establish stable full-time inspectors
.
Strive for support from local governments, hire staff from the establishment, and engage in rapid food testing for a long time, solve the problem of weak food safety testing technology in the industrial and commercial sector, and provide a basis for the implementation of rapid food testing
.

Second, establish a broad-spectrum rapid testing laboratory
.
In order to carry out food safety supervision in depth, rapid testing laboratories can be established through the following methods: purchase UV spectrophotometers, gas chromatographs, color chromatographs, atomic absorption spectrometers and other testing instruments with a wide range of applications; relying on large-scale basic Testing equipment, application and development of rapid detection methods, establishment of a rapid detection method reserve library, and continuous in-depth development of rapid food detection; purchase of high-efficiency and specific-purpose rapid detection equipment as a supplement to carry out high-throughput and low-cost detection of applicable food; continue Apply some rapid detection methods that have been carried out with better results
.

Third, try to establish a system for accreditation and filing of food rapid testing methods (products) in circulation
.
The detection limit, accuracy, stability, and operability of rapid testing methods (products) are recognized through the provision of technical information and establishment of filing certification evaluation standards by enterprises, which establishes a solid foundation for the in-depth development of rapid food testing
.

Related Links: Research Status of Food Safety Supervision in Food and Catering Circulation and Other Links (1)