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In recent years, the high temperature and heat damage that has swept the world has become a prominent problem restricting wheat production, and how to improve the climate adaptability of wheat through breeding is a hot issue
in global research.
However, due to the lack of data, it is unclear
exactly how adaptable the real wheat breeding is to climate change.
in global research.
However, due to the lack of data, it is unclear
exactly how adaptable the real wheat breeding is to climate change.
Zhang Tianyi, a researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, He Yong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ron DePauw, a wheat breeder, and Yang Xiaoguang, a professor at China Agricultural University, collected 85,770 data from 92 wheat breeding stations in North America from 1961 to 2018, and presented first-hand empirical evidence
on the true response and adaptation of wheat breeding to climate change in North America.
On September 30, the results were published in Nature Communications
.
on the true response and adaptation of wheat breeding to climate change in North America.
On September 30, the results were published in Nature Communications
.
Studies have shown that winter and spring wheat varieties from 1961 to 2018 responded differently
to climate.
For winter wheat, for every 1 °C increase in temperature, the yield of the new variety (MYG) decreased by 3.
6%, and the yield of the control variety (CK) decreased by 5.
5%, which indicates that the heat tolerance of winter wheat breeding is increased; For spring wheat, for every 1°C increase in temperature, the yield of the new variety (MYG) decreased by 7.
5% and the yield of the control variety (CK) decreased by 7.
1%, indicating that the heat tolerance of spring wheat breeding did not improve or may even decrease
.
The reason is the difference in the response of new and control varieties of North American winter and spring wheat to extreme high temperatures (EDD) (Figure 1
).
to climate.
For winter wheat, for every 1 °C increase in temperature, the yield of the new variety (MYG) decreased by 3.
6%, and the yield of the control variety (CK) decreased by 5.
5%, which indicates that the heat tolerance of winter wheat breeding is increased; For spring wheat, for every 1°C increase in temperature, the yield of the new variety (MYG) decreased by 7.
5% and the yield of the control variety (CK) decreased by 7.
1%, indicating that the heat tolerance of spring wheat breeding did not improve or may even decrease
.
The reason is the difference in the response of new and control varieties of North American winter and spring wheat to extreme high temperatures (EDD) (Figure 1
).
Based on the historical breeding trend of winter and spring wheat, the research team further estimated the impact of future climate change trends on
different wheat varieties.
The study found that the probability of extreme high temperatures in the growing season of wheat increased significantly due to future warming, and the negative impact of future climate warming on yield gradually exceeded the breeding advantage
.
The study estimates that when the temperature increases by 6.
0°C according to the current breeding efficiency, the yield of the new winter wheat variety (MYG) will decrease to the yield level of the control variety (CK) in the baseline climate; for spring wheat, the temperature threshold is 3.
6 °C (Figure 2).
Based on this, the study believes that the performance of real wheat breeding in heat tolerance is not optimistic, and how to cope with the increasingly serious heat damage through breeding means is still a challenge
for wheat breeders.
different wheat varieties.
The study found that the probability of extreme high temperatures in the growing season of wheat increased significantly due to future warming, and the negative impact of future climate warming on yield gradually exceeded the breeding advantage
.
The study estimates that when the temperature increases by 6.
0°C according to the current breeding efficiency, the yield of the new winter wheat variety (MYG) will decrease to the yield level of the control variety (CK) in the baseline climate; for spring wheat, the temperature threshold is 3.
6 °C (Figure 2).
Based on this, the study believes that the performance of real wheat breeding in heat tolerance is not optimistic, and how to cope with the increasingly serious heat damage through breeding means is still a challenge
for wheat breeders.
It is of great scientific significance to identify wheat heat tolerance genes, study and construct new methods for wheat breeding based on gene selection technology, improve breeding rate, optimize wheat germplasm, and effectively enhance the heat tolerance of wheat breeding, which is of great scientific significance
for avoiding global wheat production safety caused by climate change.
The research work is supported by the National Key R&D Program and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
.
for avoiding global wheat production safety caused by climate change.
The research work is supported by the National Key R&D Program and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
.
