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Early and accurate diagnosis of human prion diseases is a long-standing difficulty
.
Currently, definitive diagnosis of human prion disease relies on histopathological characterization or PrPSc detection of patient brain biopsy or autopsy samples, which is not feasible in most cases
Therefore, clinical diagnosis mainly depends on the combination of the patient's clinical symptoms
.
MRI and EEG are used to examine brain damage and detect surrogate markers, such as 14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid, but this is often challenging
In recent years, the development of in vitro cell-free transformation techniques, such as protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) and real-time earthquake-induced transformation (RT-QuIC), has widely facilitated the diagnosis of prion diseases
.
PMCA has high diagnostic accuracy in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine samples from patients with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)
Summarize
Analysis of the study showed that PMCA has high diagnostic accuracy in vCJD patients
Research analysis showed that RT-QuIC has high diagnostic accuracy for sCJD patients
It is suggested that PMCA and RT-QuIC are of great significance for the diagnosis of prion diseases
