Promote the export of corn in Jilin Province

Introduction: in recent years, the difficulty of selling corn in Jilin Province has become a hot topic From the provincial grain department to the grass-roots grain depot, people are generally worried about a large amount of corn overstock How to alleviate this new round of "grain selling difficulty"? In this regard, people of insight all over the world think that expanding the export of corn is a feasible way For many years, corn in Jilin Province has been favored by some provinces and cities in the south, especially the coastal areas At the time of purchase, a number of customers from the south are flocking to the province to buy corn, and some provinces and cities have set up storage sites in the rural areas of the province Since last winter, however, the situation has changed dramatically There is basically no corn purchased from the south to Jilin Province, and the corn in the province is basically how much it is collected and how much it is pressed It is understood that the annual output of corn in Jilin Province is about 15 million tons, the annual domestic sales volume is 3 million tons, the provincial sales volume is 3 million tons, the export volume is 4 million tons, the backlog volume is about 5 million tons, and the current inventory of corn is up to 20 million tons The main reason of corn unsalable in Jilin Province is that the purchase price and market price are hanging upside down Since last year, great changes have taken place in the domestic and foreign grain markets The grain markets of eight provinces and cities in the South have been liberalized and grain prices have fallen However, the purchase price of corn in Jilin Province is generally about 5 cents higher than the market price, while the sale price cannot be lower than the protection price Acquisition and sales both deviate from the market, and corn is naturally difficult to sell In the past, nearly 3 million tons of corn were sold to the south of Jilin province every year Now, if the South wants to import corn, it is imperative that Jilin Province do more export Industry insiders believe that corn has set a trend of moving in and out of the north The foreign market is broad and the prospect is good Is there such a large capacity in the foreign market to expand the export of corn? Yes, the capacity of the foreign market is very large, and the corn of Jilin Province is also competitive in the international market, especially in the surrounding markets of Asia South Korea, North Korea, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Japan and Russia are all grain importing countries, especially corn importing countries, which are all in use National food habits South Korea imports more than 10 million tons of corn a year (more than 7 million tons from China), North Korea needs more than 1 million tons, Japan needs about 16 million tons (more than 3 million tons from China), Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Taiwan all need corn It is understood that last year, the world produced 583 million tons of corn, and the corn trade volume was about 77.78 million tons Last year, the United States produced 240 million tons of corn, exported about 5.07 million tons annually, and exported about 30 million tons to Asia Last year, the corn trade volume in Asia was about 43 million tons This market space is enough for us to use Jilin Province only exports more than 5 million tons a year at most, and there is no problem in exporting more than 5 million tons At present, there are two main corn exports to Asia: the United States and China Compared with the United States, our total volume is not large and our price is high, but we have geographical advantages, and our export distance to the above countries is relatively close The cost of shipping corn from the United States to these countries is more than $20 per ton, and we only need $56 The export of corn is of strategic significance to Jilin Province The export of corn has a history of several decades The export volume accounts for 50% - 55% of the total export volume of grain in China, reaching 5.3 million tons in the most years Corn export is the direct driving force of grain growth and economic development in Jilin Province In the early 1980s, the total grain production of Jilin Province hovered around 10 billion kg, doubling in recent years to about 20 billion kg In 2001, the top 10 export commodities of Jilin Province earned 872 million US dollars in total, accounting for 59.6% of the total export earnings of the province, among which the corn reached 471 million US dollars, accounting for 32.2% of the total export earnings of the province The quality of corn export directly affects the life and income of more than 26 million people in the province Expanding the export of corn not only can promote the export of corn in Jilin Province, but also has strategic significance for economic growth of Jilin Province, and can expand the influence of Jilin Province in foreign countries According to relevant experts, the United States is a developed country, whose grain output and trade volume are several times that of us, but they are still adjusting and increasing the corn planting volume every year Why? One important reason is that they take food as one of the important means to occupy the world market and expand their own influence We are different from the United States, but we should also have a sense of competition in the world market, and we should use our advantages to expand our influence The economic growth province is a big agricultural province, and it is suitable for planting corn This is an objective advantage, which must be given full play to At present, China produces more than 100 million tons of grain every year, and our province accounts for more than one tenth of the total Since last year, it has been difficult to sell It seems that there are more grains In fact, strategically speaking, compared with developed countries, our food is far from enough Our per capita share of food is 350-400 kg, while that of developed countries is more than 700-750 kg If we look at the global market, Jilin Province will not have more corn, but less, and no more than double the annual output According to the traditional concept of decades, if we can't sell the grain, we can't grow it This concept should be changed After entering WTO, the corn export of Jilin Province is faced with two difficulties: one is the high price of corn, which is difficult to compete with other grain exporting countries; the other is the situation supported by state subsidies will be broken In the past, the price difference of corn export in Jilin Province was mainly subsidized by national policies After China's accession to the WTO, the Chinese government promised not to subsidize the export grain with high price and high cost As long as Jilin Province exports corn with high price and high cost, it will lose money In this case, how to expand exports? Insiders believe that we must adjust our thinking and make breakthroughs in many aspects First, we should use the "yellow box" policy to solve the urgent problems There are "yellow box, green box and red box" policies in WTO The so-called "green box" policy is fully allowed by the whole WTO rules; "red box" is absolutely not allowed; "yellow box" is allowed under certain circumstances and not allowed under certain circumstances We can use the "yellow box" policy to play "edge ball" In the WTO rules of the game, we say that corn export is not subsidized, for fear of harming the interests of the importing country or the production of the importing country If it hurts, it will be subject to sanctions The means of sanctions is anti-dumping The countries and regions (South Korea, Japan, Singapore, etc.) to which Jilin Province exports corn are not grain producing countries or major grain producing countries, so it is impossible to damage their grain production or their interests Any country does not want to buy cheap goods, and they will not sanction you if they take advantage of them At the same time, we should make good use of our protection policy in WTO rules It is clearly stipulated in the rules that the agricultural subsidies of developing countries are gradually cancelled, and we can continue to do a good job in corn export to some countries and regions According to the rules of WTO, it is not allowed to give direct subsidy to grain export, which our government has promised But in fact, many big grain countries have export subsidies, but in different ways Some supply producers, some supply processors, and some supply other intermediate links The United States is not called export subsidy, but price subsidy We can also change the name of "Mingtang", which is not called export subsidy We can supply farmers or buy enterprises The second is to open up the market as soon as possible and implement the marketization of grain management From the 1980s to now, the grain production of Jilin Province has doubled, but the mode of grain management is basically unchanged for 20 years, which can be unified to death The purchase price is set by the government The state-owned grain enterprises do not have the decision-making power to collect, store and sell grain In addition, the personnel of grain enterprises are heavily burdened, and the circulation cost and inventory cost remain high, which makes the grain price unable to connect with the market Since last year, more than 10 provinces in China have been liberalized Jilin Province should also liberalize as soon as possible, and use the leverage of market economy to regulate the production, income, storage and marketing of corn In particular, grain storage enterprises should be brought to the market as soon as possible Industry insiders believe that the province should manage the State Grain Reserve well, open up the rest, and implement market-oriented management After the opening of the market, the grain price can gradually connect with the domestic and international market Third, adjust the way of subsidies and mobilize the enthusiasm of producers According to the people concerned, the WTO rules stipulate that the subsidies of developing countries to prices are gradually eliminated According to the framework requirements of WTO, China is allowed to subsidize 48.5 billion yuan of agricultural production annually, with nearly 20 billion yuan of upward adjustment space Experts believe that in the long run, these subsidies should be concentrated on agricultural products, directly supply to producers, and finally establish the agricultural subsidies support mode with production subsidies as the main body On the one hand, it can avoid the risk of violating the WTO rules, on the other hand, it can ensure the enthusiasm of farmers in grain production Fourth, establish export bases and set production by sales Jiliang group is preparing to build an export grain production base, which will lease 10 million mu of land, plant 6.17 million mu of corn, 3.5 million mu of soybeans, 270000 mu of rice and 60000 mu of miscellaneous grains The grain is used for export to Japan, South Korea and other countries Sign orders with farmers, standardize crop varieties, unify seed supply and fertilizer supply, and implement mechanized operation In this way, first, the product quality can be improved, second, the production cost can be reduced, and third, the export price can be increased Insiders believe that such an export base should create more conditions It is very important to expand corn export Fifth, rationalize the business channels and give full play to the overall advantages At present, there are two corn export businesses in Jilin Province, one is provincial grain, oil and food import and export group company, the other is Jilin grain group Each has its own advantages The provincial grain, oil and food import and export group company has been engaged in foreign trade for many years There are a group of senior talents who are familiar with international trade and master trade rules There are a large number of grain customers in the world, and they have a high reputation in the international market The group has 89 grain storage and collection warehouses and stations, with an annual storage capacity of more than 2.5 million tons, 8 domestic port cities with an annual transfer capacity of 9 million tons Grain purchase, processing, storage and export basically form a chain Both people believe that considering their own interests, it is not good to combine them However, starting from the interests of the whole province, the two countries should combine together, implement resource restructuring, complementary advantages, operate according to the market rules, unify the external, and realize the integrated management of grain production, acquisition, storage, processing, transportation and sales, so as to better play the advantages of Jilin province's corn export.