Present situation and future of oil processing industry in China

Introduction: China's oil processing industry has low starting point, small scale, scattered and unreasonable layout For a long time, it has been organizing acquisition, processing and sales (transfer) according to the planned economy mode, with an average annual start-up time of about 6 months In 1993, with the overall opening of the oil market, the oil processing enterprises also entered a rapid development period, especially in the past two years, there has been a qualitative leap In 1993 / 1994, the annual oil processing capacity of only state-owned oil plants was 24.8 million tons, which increased to 32 million tons in 1996 / 1997 In the past three years, the annual growth rate was 3 million tons A large number of modern and large-scale oil processing and refining plants appeared in the southeast coastal areas, forming a new pattern of China's future oil market 1 The crushing capacity of a single enterprise is growing It is mainly concentrated in the southern coastal areas For example, the East China Sea of Zhangjiagang has reached 5800 tons / day In June and July this year, a production line of 2000 tons will be put into production, and the processing capacity will reach 7800 tons per day at the end of this year, which is also the first in Asia The daily processing capacity of Guangxi Dahai 3000t / D, Ningbo Jinguang 3000t / D and Dalian Huanong's oil pressing plants invested in Zhanjiang is about 3000t / D; in addition, the relatively large oil pressing plants near Shandong include Qinhuangdao's Jinhai 3000t / D, boxing Koufu 2000t / D, Linyi Sanwei 2000t / D, Longkou Xinlong Asia 2000t / D and Bohai Oil 2900 T / D; oil in Northeast China In Heilongjiang Province, for example, although there are many local oil processing industries, there is only one enterprise that has reached the upper middle scale (over 1000 tons), and there are 13 enterprises with 400-900 tons These oil plants will be gradually eliminated due to the difficulty of capital turnover and high starting cost; the rest are under 300 tons, mostly 100-300 tons / day, accounting for 84% of the total These small oil plants can survive for some time because of their flexible processing methods The large crushing plants in Northeast China are basically located in Dalian, with Dalian Huanong as the leader, and the daily processing capacity is about 2200 tons These large enterprises will gradually form monopoly, crush and annex small and medium-sized oil processing enterprises in a certain region by virtue of their strong capital, convenient transportation and low production cost At present, the momentum of new construction and expansion is increasing, in full swing It can be asserted that in a certain region, the arrival of the expansion climax means the beginning of bankruptcy or merger The overall development pattern of domestic oil processing is likely to be three parts of the world, namely, the south coast, Shandong and the northeast 2 Outstanding foreign forces in Guangdong and Guangxi The main raw materials of these oil plants are imported soybeans or rapeseed Due to the relatively developed aquaculture industry in Guangdong, the price of meal is higher than other regions in China, so they have a larger processing profit and are more competitive With the further expansion of processing capacity in Guangdong and Guangxi, the situation of local oil shortage will be rapidly reversed, and the upcoming surplus will even impact oil markets in Yunnan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places The supply and demand pattern of soybean meal will be further broken, and the soybean meal of Dalian and Shandong will go down to the south to become history 3 At present, the domestic processing capacity has been in excess With the continuous establishment of new factories, the competition will be more fierce and the factories will enter the era of low profit On the one hand, in the case of relative excess supply, the factory should sell oil and meal and speed up capital turnover; on the other hand, in order to ensure the start-up, the factory must rush to purchase raw materials, so the profit of the factory will be reduced to a lower level, and the price of oil and meal will not be high for a period of time, but the price of raw materials will not be reduced 4 With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, salad oil and high cooking oil will occupy more and more market share, and will replace (or have replaced) the leading position of secondary oil in cities with high consumption level Because its color is light and tasteless, the substitutability between varieties is gradually enhanced, so the price difference of oil varieties will be gradually reduced in the future In other words, the supply and demand relationship or price change of different kinds of oil will increase the influence on the whole oil market.