Prawn culture industry in China rejuvenates brilliance in the new century

Introduction: a shrimp genome research project is under way in China, so as to make the shrimp culture industry in China rejuvenate in the new century It is reported that significant progress has been made in this research only over half a year Prawn is an important aquaculture organism in the world However, in recent years, serious diseases, germplasm degradation and disease resistance decline have been plagued the global shrimp breeding industry In order to find these pathogenic genes as soon as possible in a short period of time, since November last year, scientists led by Xiang Jianhai, researcher of the Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have cooperated with the center of genomic Informatics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on the basis of the established cDNA library of Penaeus chinensis, using a powerful sequencing technology platform, to detect the expression sequence tags (ESTs) At present, scientists have found 10000 ESTs and analyzed more than 3000 new gene sequences of prawn through these fragments with genetic function Before that, less than 3000 ESTs have been published in the world "These new genes are likely to be directly related to the growth and development speed, disease resistance and gender control of prawn." The chief scientist in the field of marine biology, China's national key basic research project, further analyzed Compared with the thousands of years of breeding history of poultry and livestock, the history of artificial culture of prawn is very short Therefore, advanced MAS (molecular genetic marker assisted selection) and QTL (quantitative trait loci) techniques were used in order to speed up the selection and quality control of prawn Before that, academician Xu Xun and other scientists in China have taken the lead in deciphering the genetic code of prawn virus in the world; the "microsatellite sequence" of prawn in China has also been registered in the international database China used to be the largest shrimp breeding country in the world In 1991, the area of prawn culture in China once reached about 2.2 million mu, and the output reached 210000 tons In 1993, a disease called white spot baculovirus caused a large number of deaths of prawn, and the output of prawn decreased by 50% - 60% The prawn culture in China suffered a lot Since then, Chinese scientists have carried out a series of studies on prawn and made great progress "Genome research of five marine organisms, including prawn, oyster, salmon, tilapia and catfish, has been included in the global aquatic genome project As the only selected crustacean marine organism, the scientific research strength and achievements of Chinese scientists have been recognized and recognized internationally " Xiangjianhai said.