Plasma cell exocystiation is a potential glioma minimally invasive diagnostic tool

Primary brain tumors are the most difficult tumors to be diagnosed with a physical biopsyTherefore, noninvasive diagnosis of glioma has important clinical significanceExtracellular vesicles (EV) can be secreted into various biological fluids such as plasma, largely simulating the origin of cells or tissuesTumor cells secrete excessive EV, so it is believed that the tumor source EV can be used as a biomarker of liquid biopsyStudies have found that plasma extracellular exocystiations (plEV) in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) reflect the molecular characteristics and oxygenation status of the tumor; In order to fully explore the potential of EV as a biomarker, it is necessary to identify specific tumor-derived EV proteinsMattias Belting, Department of Clinical Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Lund, Sweden, and Mattias Belting of the Department of Oncology Pathology, among others, conducted research on tumor-specific plEV proteinin in patients with clearly diagnosed brain tumors, and explored the value of plEV immunographic analysis as a noninvasive diagnosis of glioma, the results of which were published in The Clinical Cancer Research in May 2019research methods
researchers used advanced mass spectrometry, nanoparticle tracking analysis and electron microscopy techniques to isolate and optimize tumor plEV in 82 patients with clearly diagnosed gliomasresults show that the protein syndecan-1 (SDC1) of plEV can be used to distinguish between high-level GBM and low-grade glioma (LGG), with a lower AREA (AUC) of 0.81, sensitivity of 71% and 91% specificitythe results have been independently validated by the Enzymatic Immunoadsorption Test (ELISA)the resultsthe results, using the Cancer Genome Map (TCGA) to verify that the SDC1 molecule is closely related to the degree of tumor malignancyGBM's SDC1 mRNA expression level was significantly higher than LGG, and the expression level of SDC1 mRNA in tumors could also distinguish GBM from LGG, with AUC at 0.91, sensitivity 79% and specificity 91%In addition, increased SDC1 expression was associated with aggressive phenotypes of tumors, and patients with high SDC1 expression had poorer prognosisThe results of the GBM cell experiment show that SDC1 can be effectively distributed to the EV it secretes, the plEVSDC1is associated with SDC1 protein expression from the patient's intracranial tumor, and the postoperative plEVSDC1decreased according to the scope and degree of tumor excisionThe release of plEVSDC1into the cycle depends on its histological classification, invasiveness, and degree of surgical removal (Figure 1)Figure 1After the removal of glioma, the patient's plasma pIEVThe change of SDC1level is closely related to the degree of tumor removalIn patients 4, 5, 6 cases only for biopsies or partial excision, the change in pIEVSDC1is not significant or even increased, but if the tumor is completely removed (patients 1, 2, 3) the postoperative pIEVSDC1significantly reducedconclusionsthe final authors note that the study found for the first time that specific plasma cell exocystical plEV SDC1 derived from GBM tumor cells can distinguish between GBM and LGG without creativity; The results of the above results provide new ideas and tools for the application of plasma extrapoxostoprotein from tumor sources to the diagnosis and monitoring of minimally invasive gliomas.