People are sickened by the spread of the coronavirus in the air, a huge challenge to reopening.

, June 26, 2020 /PRNewswire-Bio Valley / As a scientist working on infectious diseases, Douglas Reed specializes in serious respiratory infections, but he is also a member of the Church Safety Group, as states began to loosen restrictions over the past few weeks, Reed and his colleagues have been discussing whether and how to safely restart the serviceBut the coronavirus is far from goneAs they try to figure out how to protect members while maintaining services, one question is of particular concern: How common is the spread of viruses through the air? Howtransmits the virus
respiratory infections are usually transmitted in three possible ways: direct contact, droplets, and particles in the airexposure transmission occurs when a person is exposed to an object with a live virus and becomes illdroplets are small particles of mucus or saliva that flow from the mouth and nose when a person coughs or speaksThey range in diameter from 5 microns to hundreds of microns -- from a red blood cell to a grain of sandMost water droplets, especially large ones, fall to the ground in a matter of seconds, usually no more than 1 or 2 meters awayIf someone coughs at you and you get sick, it's dropletsair borne in place because the particles in the air are called droplet nucleiThe droplet core is a mucus or saliva less than 5 microns in diameterPeople speak with droplets, but they also form when small droplets evaporate and shrinkMany small droplets contract so hard that they start to float before hitting the ground, making them aerosolspicture source: People speak with thousands of such particle stakes every second, which can contain live viruses that float in the air for hours They are easy to inhale and can make people sick if they contain live viruses The ability of small droplets to transmit the coronavirus has a huge impact on whether places like churches can be reopened and how they can be reopened in the early days of the pandemic, experts at the CDC and the World Health Organization (WHO) in the United States were most concerned that the coronavirus could spread through surfaces and large droplets But the more research is done on SARS-CoV-2, the more evidence there is evidence that air bornes, albeit controversially The CDC and WHO now advise ordinary people to wear masks, but for those who think in their daily lives about how to reopen public places around the world, the question remains: How important is airborne? laboratory's airborne life to be infected, people need to be exposed to live viruses If the virus dies before people breathe in, they won't get sick to test the survival of SARS-CoV-2 in the air, the researchers used special equipment to create atomized virus that spread spent a lot of time in the air The researchers can then take samples of the virus to see how long it can survive in aerosols In an early study by researchers at the National Institutes of Health, the virus spread through the air for four hours and found live viruses throughout the process A follow-up preprint study by Reed found that coronaviruses can survive in the air for up to 16 hours neither the initial study nor reed's study measured the effects of temperature, humidity, ultraviolet light or pollution on virus survival in aerosols There is evidence that simulated sunlight can inactivate 90% of THE SARS-CoV-2 virus in surface saliva or aerosols within 7 minutes These studies show that the virus can be rapidly inactivated outdoors, but the risk of indoor transmission remains evidence from the real world
laboratory research can provide valuable insights, but real-world scenarios point to the real risks of airborne transmission reports from China, Singapore and Nebraska said the virus was found in the wards of hospitals treated with COVID-19, and that the levels of the virus found in the ventilation system were very low Reports from China also found evidence of the virus at the entrance of a department store So far, these studies have used polymerase chain reaction tests to look for viral DNA fragments, not live viruses They can't tell the researchers whether their findings are contagious direct evidence of the risks of airborne transmission, we can refer to some case studies in the United States and abroad study tracked how an infected person at a call center in South Korea infected 94 people In addition, it was widely reported that an infected person at a restaurant in Guangzhou, China, had transmitted the virus to nine others because of air flow from air-conditioning in the room perhaps the most shocking example of a Washington church choir One man singing in the choir infected 52 others Singing and loud vocals often produce large amounts of aerosols, and there is evidence that some people are super-releasers of aerosols even when speaking normally Some of the infections in this incident may have been caused by droplets or direct contact, but the fact that a person can infect so many people strongly suggests that airborne transmission was the driver of the outbreak photo source: A recent paper compares the success of mitigation measures, such as keeping a social distance or wearing a mask, in an attempt to determine how the virus spreads The author concludes that aerosol transmission is the main way This conclusion has been hotly debated in the scientific community, but this and other studies do show the effectiveness of masks in slowing the spread of COVID-19 what does mean for reopening and personal? strong evidence suggests that airborne transmission is easy to occur and is likely to be an important driver of this pandemic When people start to venture back into the outside world, they have to take this problem seriously thankfully, there's a simple but not perfect way to reduce airborne transmission: wearing a mask Since people can spread the virus before or without symptoms, general wearing masks is a very effective and low-cost way to mitigate pandemics Since the main risk is indoors, increased ventilation and not allowing indoor air circulation will remove the virus from the indoor environment more quickly (BioValleyBioon.com) References: 1
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