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Multiple previous studies have found that older adults with depression have higher levels of inflammation
The new study, published recently in the journal Nature Translational Psychiatry, shows that for many older adults, depression develops independently of inflammation
"Inflammatory disorders do contribute to depression, but our findings suggest that a subset of older adults with depression do not have elevated levels of inflammation,
Although depression is more common among young adults, about 5 percent of people over the age of 50 have experienced a major depressive episode in the past year, according to national surveys in the United States
Previous research has also shown that levels of inflammatory markers typically rise with age as chronic disease develops and the body's immune regulatory system weakens
However, this new study shows that the link between depression and inflammation is not as clear-cut as previous literature has suggested
The researchers then randomly assigned 60 depressed patients to receive a standard antidepressant, an antidepressant plus an anti-inflammatory drug, and a placebo for eight weeks
Thus, this study suggests that, in many older adults, depression develops independently of inflammation and may not be alleviated by anti-inflammatory treatment unless inflammation is present in addition to depression
However, the researchers noted that because their study excluded older depressed patients with an inflammatory disorder, this raises the possibility that inflammation caused by the disorder may contribute to depression
"Our study supports the idea that depression is made up of distinct subcategories, some with inflammation and some without," said Shailene, who is also director of the Center for Neuromodulation of Depression and Stress at the University of Pennsylvania