A new species of the strawberry genus "Emei strawberry" discovered by the research team this time.
A new species of the strawberry genus "Emei strawberry" discovered by the research team this time.
Recently, in a paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ( PNAS ) in the United States , biologists reported that they have studied the origin and evolution of diploid wild resources of the genus Fragaria and pan-genomics, not only found The "ancestors" of strawberries are revealed, the genetic differentiation and evolutionary dynamics of the genus Fragaria are revealed, and a new strawberry species "Emei Strawberry" has been discovered, and the mystery of the rich color of strawberry fruits has also been initially solved
PNAS This research provides new insights into the evolution and resource utilization of strawberries, promotes strawberry breeding to become more accurate, and will also make everyone more "palat" and eat strawberries with higher appearance and better taste
Looking for "ancestors", revealing the dynamics of differentiation and evolution
Looking for "ancestors", revealing the dynamics of differentiation and evolution China is the country with the most abundant wild strawberry resources.
"There are 9 diploid species and 5 tetraploid species in China, and these 5 tetraploid species are all distributed in our country, so the research of Chinese Fragaria has a special advantage in germplasm resources
Since 1988, he has followed his supervisor, Professor Deng Mingqin, the founder of Chinese Strawberry Science Research, to conduct research on the germplasm resources of the genus Strawberry
According to Lei Jiajun, the germplasm resource nursery collected a total of 805 wild strawberry resources, belonging to 23 species, including 6 natural ploidies, including 2x, 4x, 5x, 6x, 8x, and 10x
The early collection of strawberry germplasm resources laid the foundation for this research
Photo courtesy of Lei Jiajun , the red and ginkgo of Tibet strawberry
Photo courtesy of Lei Jiajun , the red and ginkgo of Tibet strawberry Researchers have discovered that Tibet strawberries have two types: red fruit and ginkgo fruit
"Using thousands of gene sequences of wild strawberries from different parts of the world, we have drawn a
"We speculate that the strawberry'ancestors' originated from East Asia approximately 8 million years ago, when the Indian plate continued to squeeze the Eurasian plate and caused the rapid elevation of southwest China to rise
New species discovered: Chinese diploid strawberry increased to 10
New species discovered: Chinese diploid strawberry increased to 10 Strawberry is an important small berry of the Rosaceae family, known as the "Queen of Fruits".
"We have discovered a new species of the genus Strawberry in these 128 resources by means of botany, cytology and molecular biology, adding a new member to the strawberry family
"Emei Strawberry" Photo courtesy of Lei Jiajun
"Emei Strawberry" Photo courtesy of Lei Jiajun Previously, the research team felt that the strawberry from Emei Mountain in Sichuan was somewhat different from other wild strawberry species.
"There were 9 species of diploid strawberry before, plus the newly discovered'Emei strawberry', and there are a total of 10.
" Xue Li, co-first author of the paper and Ph.
D.
from Shenyang Agricultural University, told China Science Daily
.
Xue Li said that on this basis, they drew a classification key for all diploid and tetraploid strawberry species distributed in China, so that they can better distinguish each strawberry species for reference by peers
.
"Seeds are the'chips' of modern agriculture.
Germplasm resources are equivalent to gene banks.
The richer the resources, the more conducive to us to breed more high-quality varieties
.
" Zhang Gymnastics pointed out
.
Why are the colors of strawberry fruits so changeable?
Why are the colors of strawberry fruits so changeable? Strawberries are not all red.
Tibetan strawberries can produce bright red fruits or ghostly white fruits, as are forest strawberries and Chinese strawberries, and five-leaf strawberries can produce pink fruits other than red and white
.
What makes the color of strawberry fruit so varied?
The red fruit and ginkgo of the five-leaf strawberry, courtesy of Lei Jiajun
The red fruit and ginkgo of the five-leaf strawberry, courtesy of Lei Jiajun According to Patrick Edger, co-author of the paper and associate professor of horticulture at Michigan State University, the research pieced together the genetic mystery that makes the fruits of some wild strawberry species white
.
The research team discovered that the production of white fruits is related to a mutation in a gene called MYB10 , which controls the production of a pigment called anthocyanin
.
The lower the anthocyanin content, the lighter the fruit color
.
According to Patrick Edger, co-author of the paper and associate professor of horticulture at Michigan State University, the research pieced together the genetic mystery that makes the fruits of some wild strawberry species white
.
The research team discovered that the production of white fruits is related to a mutation in a gene called MYB10 , which controls the production of a pigment called anthocyanin
.
The lower the anthocyanin content, the lighter the fruit color
.
MYB10 MYB10 "By sequencing the whole genome of diploid wild strawberry, we can use bioinformatics big data analysis to reveal for the first time which genes in the strawberry family are common to all species, that is, the core genome, and each species's own uniqueness.
What are the genes of the pan-genome
.
" Qiao Qin said
.
Qiao Qin also said that the core genes shared by all strawberries maintain the daily life needs of strawberries, and the unique genes that may be contained in the genome of each species can produce new pink, drought-resistant or fluffy leaves in order to adapt to its life.
Environment
.
"The germplasm resources in nature preserve many special traits, such as stress resistance, leaf fluff, fruit color, fragrance, etc.
, which have laid an important foundation for the mining of important genetic resources in the future
.
" Zhang Gymnasium said
.
Photo courtesy of Chinese Strawberry Lei Jiajun
Photo courtesy of Chinese Strawberry Lei Jiajun Photo courtesy of Lei Jiajun "However, a lot of breeding work is currently focused on yield
.
" Patrick Edger said, "but more and more breeding projects are working to improve the flavor of strawberries
.
"
"Wild strawberry resources have excellent fruit quality characteristics, such as: five-leaf strawberry and ginkgo-type strong fragrance, yellow-haired strawberry has a peach fragrance, and green strawberry has a clear fragrance.
.
.
But now the cultivated varieties have lost some of their aromatic smell
.
" Xue Li said.
, Their team has conducted metabonomic data analysis of different wild strawberry resources, and is also digging out the results of comparison re-sequencing to explore molecular markers related to important quality traits, hoping that these research results can be used to cultivate better strawberry varieties in the future
.
Photo courtesy of Yellow Strawberry Lei Jiajun
Photo courtesy of Yellow Strawberry Lei Jiajun "When we have a better understanding of the genes related to the origin of wild strawberries and fruit quality, we can provide scientific researchers with accurate resource guidance in improving strawberry taste, aroma, color, and disease resistance
.
After the results of this scientific research, I believe that in the near future, we will be able to plant strawberry varieties with stronger disease resistance, better appearance and more popular taste
.
" Zhang Gymnasium said
.
(Source: Zhang Qingdan, China Science News)
Related paper information: https://doi.
org/10.
1073/pnas.
2105431118
https://doi.
org/10.
1073/pnas.
2105431118
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