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*For medical professionals only
, regardless of age, it should be taken seriously
sharply since around 1990.
Research literature
that may have contributed to this trend.
"From our data, we observed something called the birth cohort effect
.
" This effect suggests that every successive group born later (e.
g.
ten years later) has a higher risk of developing cancer later in life, most likely due to the risk factors they were exposed to at a young age," explains Shuji Ogino, a professor and physician scientist in the Brigham Department of Pathology
.
"We found that this risk is increasing
with each generation.
For example, people born in 1960 experienced a higher risk of cancer before age 50 than those born in 1950, and we predict that this level of risk will continue to climb over successive generations
.
”
in adult incidence before age 50 between 2000 and 2012.
The team then searched for existing studies that examined trends in possible risk factors, including early life exposures
in the general population.
Finally, the team examined the literature
describing the clinical and biological tumor characteristics of early-onset cancer versus late-onset cancer diagnosed after age 50.
In an extensive review, the team found that the early life exposome, which includes a person's diet, lifestyle, weight, environmental exposures, and microbiome, has changed substantially over
the past few decades.
Therefore, they hypothesized that factors such as Westernized diet and lifestyle may have contributed to the early-onset cancer epidemic
.
The team acknowledges that this increased incidence of certain cancer types is due in part to early detection
through cancer screening programs.
They can't accurately gauge what percentage of this growing prevalence can only be attributed to screening and early detection
.
They noted, however, that the increased incidence of many of the 14 cancer types could not be due to enhanced screening
alone.
Possible risk factors for early-onset cancer include alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, smoking, obesity, and eating highly processed foods
.
Surprisingly, the researchers found that while adult sleep time hasn't changed dramatically over the past few decades, children today sleep much
less than they did a few decades ago.
Risk factors such as highly processed and highly processed foods, sugary drinks, obesity, type 2 diabetes, sedentary lifestyles, and alcohol consumption have all increased significantly since the 50s, which the researchers speculate is accompanied by changes
in the microbiome.
the digestive system.
The food we eat feeds the microbes in our gut
.
Ugai said
.
Diet directly affects microbiome composition, and ultimately these changes affect disease risk and outcomes
.
One
limitation of this study is that researchers do not have enough data from low- and middle-income countries to determine trends in
cancer incidence over decades.
Going forward, Ogino and Ugai hope to continue this research by collecting more data and collaborating with international research
institutions to better monitor global trends.
They also explain the importance of conducting longitudinal cohort studies with parental consent to include young children
who may be followed for decades.
Ugai explains: "Without such studies, it would be difficult to determine what
people with cancer today did decades ago or as children.
Because of this challenge, we aim to run more longitudinal cohort studies in the future, tracking and collecting health data over their lifetimes and taking biological samples
at set time points.
Not only is this more cost-effective, given the many cancer types that need to be studied, but I believe it will give us more accurate insights
into cancer risk for future generations.
”
, regardless of age, it should be taken seriously
Executive summary
sharply since around 1990.
Research literature
status quo
that may have contributed to this trend.
"From our data, we observed something called the birth cohort effect
.
" This effect suggests that every successive group born later (e.
g.
ten years later) has a higher risk of developing cancer later in life, most likely due to the risk factors they were exposed to at a young age," explains Shuji Ogino, a professor and physician scientist in the Brigham Department of Pathology
.
"We found that this risk is increasing
with each generation.
For example, people born in 1960 experienced a higher risk of cancer before age 50 than those born in 1950, and we predict that this level of risk will continue to climb over successive generations
.
”
conclusion
in adult incidence before age 50 between 2000 and 2012.
The team then searched for existing studies that examined trends in possible risk factors, including early life exposures
in the general population.
Finally, the team examined the literature
describing the clinical and biological tumor characteristics of early-onset cancer versus late-onset cancer diagnosed after age 50.
In an extensive review, the team found that the early life exposome, which includes a person's diet, lifestyle, weight, environmental exposures, and microbiome, has changed substantially over
the past few decades.
Therefore, they hypothesized that factors such as Westernized diet and lifestyle may have contributed to the early-onset cancer epidemic
.
The team acknowledges that this increased incidence of certain cancer types is due in part to early detection
through cancer screening programs.
They can't accurately gauge what percentage of this growing prevalence can only be attributed to screening and early detection
.
They noted, however, that the increased incidence of many of the 14 cancer types could not be due to enhanced screening
alone.
Possible risk factors for early-onset cancer include alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, smoking, obesity, and eating highly processed foods
.
Surprisingly, the researchers found that while adult sleep time hasn't changed dramatically over the past few decades, children today sleep much
less than they did a few decades ago.
Risk factors such as highly processed and highly processed foods, sugary drinks, obesity, type 2 diabetes, sedentary lifestyles, and alcohol consumption have all increased significantly since the 50s, which the researchers speculate is accompanied by changes
in the microbiome.
prospect
the digestive system.
The food we eat feeds the microbes in our gut
.
Ugai said
.
Diet directly affects microbiome composition, and ultimately these changes affect disease risk and outcomes
.
One
limitation of this study is that researchers do not have enough data from low- and middle-income countries to determine trends in
cancer incidence over decades.
Going forward, Ogino and Ugai hope to continue this research by collecting more data and collaborating with international research
institutions to better monitor global trends.
They also explain the importance of conducting longitudinal cohort studies with parental consent to include young children
who may be followed for decades.
Ugai explains: "Without such studies, it would be difficult to determine what
people with cancer today did decades ago or as children.
Because of this challenge, we aim to run more longitudinal cohort studies in the future, tracking and collecting health data over their lifetimes and taking biological samples
at set time points.
Not only is this more cost-effective, given the many cancer types that need to be studied, but I believe it will give us more accurate insights
into cancer risk for future generations.
”
Comment debut: EurekAlert!
Media Contact：
Jessica Pastore
Brigham and Women's Hospital
JPastore@partners.
org
Cell: 6178746346
DOI：10.
1038/s41571-022-00672-8
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