New research helps with the treatment of neurological disorders

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means to transplant stem cell-sourced nerve cells, specifically repair damaged nerve loops in the brain, reshape nerve function Due to the limited capacity of nerve regeneration in adult mammals, there is a lack of effective treatment. A new study by Chinese scientists may bring new ideas for the treatment of neurological diseases.
The team of researchers chen Yuejun of the Center for Brain Science and Intelligent Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with the Zhou Wenhao/Xiongman research team at Fudan University's affiliated pediatric hospital and zhang Suchun research team at the University of Wisconsin in the United States, found that nerve cells from transplanted stem cell sources can specifically repair damaged black-stethosome loops in adult brains and improve the behavioral disorders of parkinson's disease models by analyzing the neurorestructed neurons reconstructed by human dopamine neurons transplanted from Parkinson's disease models. The results were published online late on September 22, 2020 in Cell Stem Cells.
neurons are the basic functional units of the brain, we have thousands of different types of neurons in the brain, neurons form complex and precise network connections (neural loops), which are the basis of our perception of the world, thinking and behavior. For diseases where neuron loss leads to damage to neural connections and impaired nerve function, the replacement of the function of nerve cells lost in the brain (stem cell therapy) by transplanting stem cell-sourced nerve cells in the brain is one of the potential therapeutic measures. The key to stem cell therapy for neurological diseases is the repair and functional reconstruction of damaged neural loops, but the precise network connection between neurons in the brain is gradually formed during development and involves complex mechanisms for the growth of nerve fibers.
"In an adult disease brain environment, can transplanted nerve cells grow nerve fibers that bridge the 'lost' upstream and downstream brain regions, and thus repair damaged neural loops?" Is the repair effect the result of random integration of transplanted cells or is it a specific repair? Chen Yuejun said that in order to solve the key problems in stem cell therapy for these neurological diseases, the team used Parkinson's disease as a model to study the feasibility and mechanism of repairing damaged neural loops in nerve cells from stem cells transplanted into the adult brain.
The cause of motor dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease is the sexual loss of dopamine-energy neurons in the cerebral palate brain region, the destruction of the nerve connections between the pyrocephalic brain region and the symposia brain region, which in turn results in insufficient dopamine secretion in the stamorphic body. "The syroids are the key brain regions that regulate autonomous movement and reward, and the normal function of synth neurons depends on the dopamine-energy nerve domination they receive. Therefore, the transplanted dopamine energy nerve cells are projected specific to the synth and dominate the synth neurons in order to realize the functional repair of the damaged loop. Chen Yuejun explained.
the study, researchers transplanted genetically labeled human dopamine-energy neurons into the damaged ternary brain region of Parkinson's model mice. The study found that human dopamine neurons transplanted in the muscular brain region grow a large number of nerve fibers, along a similar path of endogenic cytosyl-synth nerve connections, specifically grow and extend to their endogenetic target area - symposomes, and synth neurons form a neural connection, and most of the nerve fibers are projected to the sympospheric body.
" can retrograde mark and the destination neurons form synaptic connections with upstream neurons, which is characteristic of rabies viruses. "Using genetic techniques and rabies-mediated tracer techniques, the researchers tracked upstream nerve dominance received by human dopamine-energy neurons in the transplanted human, and found that transplanted human dopamine-energy neurons received neurodegeneration similar to endogenous dopamine-induced neurons. Studies have shown that human dopamine neurons transplanted in parkinson's model mice can repair and reconstruct damaged molybon-staphular nerve connections, and their structure and function are highly consistent with endogenetic nerve connections.
behavioral tests, the researchers found that the reconstructed neural function connections of transplanted cells led to the recovery of behavior in model mice. "The process of nerve repair is accompanied by an improvement in the symptoms of the disease. Parkinson's disease model mice with dysfunction began to improve in exercise 3 to 4 months after cell transplantation and significantly improved in 5 to 6 months. Chen Yuejun said.
study shows that damaged neural connections in the adult brain can reshape nerve function by transplanting stem cell-sourced nerve cells for structural and functional repair. In addition, different types of nerve cells have different repair effects on the loop, and for neurological diseases caused by the loss of different types of neurons, targeted transplantation of specific nerve cells is required for loop repair and treatment.
these findings provide new ideas and theoretical basis for the treatment of brain damage and neurodegenerative diseases, according to experts. "Hopefully our results are a boon for people with Parkinson's disease." "Due to the huge differences between humans and mice, the next step will be to further validate the therapeutic effects of mid-cerebrocytoplamin neurons from stem cell sources on Parkinson's model monkeys and assess their long-term efficacy and potential side effects," Chen said. In addition, we are also developing stem cell therapy techniques for brain diseases that cause damage to nerve function due to other neural loop damage. (Source: He Jing, China Science Journal)
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