NeuroImage: There is age-related weakening of the network synchronization of the brainstem level of the elderly brain state 21

The brainstem is a complex structure.
It not only includes an important relay center, which enables the effective exchange of sensory, motor and autonomous information between the peripheral nervous system and the cortex and subcortical centers, but also includes the neuromodulation system
.

The latter is composed of dopaminergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic, cholinergic and histaminergic subsystems

A recent publication in the journal NeuroImage shows that there is age-related weakness in the network synchronization of the brainstem level of brain state 21 in the elderly, and it has a negative impact on cortical and subcortical synchronization and working memory performance
.

A recent publication in the journal NeuroImage shows that there is age-related weakness in the network synchronization of the brainstem level of brain state 21 in the elderly, and it has a negative impact on cortical and subcortical synchronization and working memory performance
.

A recent publication in the journal NeuroImage shows that there is age-related weakness in the network synchronization of the brainstem level of brain state 21 in the elderly, and it has a negative impact on cortical and subcortical synchronization and working memory performance

The overall goal of the research is to characterize age-related brainstem-brain interaction dysfunction in the brain states detected by taskless functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dynamic analysis, and to compare young people (<40 years old) and old people People (>55 years old) associate it with age-related gray matter differences in the brain stem and brain
.

Graphical analysis is used to describe these different brain states

Using 420 regions of interest (AICHA and brainstem gray matter rois) a) Extract the denoised BOLD signal of each subject
.

b).

Using 420 regions of interest (AICHA and brainstem gray matter rois) a) Extract the denoised BOLD signal of each subject

The whole brain module diagram of these 15 states
.

Modules that meet the repeating module ≥ 0.

The whole brain module diagram of these 15 states

The positive intensity (middle) and negative intensity (right) of the brainstem-plus module (left) correspond to 15 brain states
.

Modules that meet the repeating module ≥ 0.

The positive intensity (middle) and negative intensity (right) of the brainstem-plus module (left) correspond to 15 brain states

Whole brain positive (left column) and negative (right column) intensity graphs for 15 brain states
.

Whole brain positive (left column) and negative (right column) intensity graphs for 15 brain states
.

Age-related gray matter volume differences
.
The red color indicates that the rois of the elderly has a significantly lower z-score (p<0.
05, FDR corrected) compared with the young
.

Age-related gray matter volume differences
.
The red color indicates that the rois of the elderly has a significantly lower z-score (p<0.
05, FDR corrected) compared with the young
.

A brain state (cluster21) is more common in the elderly (p=0.
008)
.
Compared with young people, the average module strength and brainstem-cortex strength of the elderly are lower
.
The age-related differences in brain gray matter in the whole brain are positively correlated with the intensity of brain state 21 modules
.
The duration of brain state 21 was negatively correlated with working memory (r = -0.
28, p=0.
002) .
  

A brain state (cluster21) is more common in the elderly (p=0.
008)
.
Compared with young people, the average module strength and brainstem-cortex strength of the elderly are lower
.
The age-related differences in brain gray matter in the whole brain are positively correlated with the intensity of brain state 21 modules
.
The duration of brain state 21 is negatively correlated with working memory (r a brain state (cluster21) is more common in the elderly (p=0.
008)
.
Compared with young people, the average module strength and brainstem-cortical strength of the elderly are Lower
.
Age-related brain gray matter differences across the brain are positively correlated with the intensity of brain state 21 modules
.
The duration of brain state 21 is negatively correlated with working memory (r = = -0.
28, p=0.
002) .
-0.
28, p=0.
002) .
   
 

The study has four main findings : 1.
The dynamic analysis determined that the brain state of the two groups was 21, but this state occurred more frequently in the elderly and lasted longer
.
2.
Compared with young people, the brain state 21 of the elderly shows lower average module positive and/or negative intensity and brainstem-cortical intensity at the whole brain level, and also shows lower at the brainstem level The positive strength
.
This finding is in contrast with most other brain states, showing higher average module positive intensity and diversity at the whole brain level, and higher average negative intensity and diversity at the brainstem level
.
3.
When the brain state is 21, the overall gray matter volume is positively correlated with the average module positive intensity
.
In contrast, most other brain states show that overall gray matter volume is negatively correlated with the average module positive and negative intensities
.
4.
The duration of brain 21 state is negatively correlated with the performance of working memory TAP in the population
.
The positive and negative intensities of modules at the whole brain and brainstem-plus levels are positively correlated with the performance of working memory TAP in the elderly
.

1.
The dynamic analysis determined that the brain state of the two groups was 21, but this state occurred more frequently in the elderly and lasted longer
.
2.
Compared with young people, the brain state 21 of the elderly shows lower average module positive and/or negative intensity and brainstem-cortical intensity at the whole brain level, and also shows lower at the brainstem level The positive strength
.
This finding is in contrast to most other brain states, showing higher average module positive intensity and diversity at the whole brain level, and higher average negative intensity and diversity at the brainstem level
.
3.
When the brain state is 21, the overall gray matter volume is positively correlated with the average module positive intensity
.
In contrast, most other brain states show that overall gray matter volume is negatively correlated with the average module positive and negative intensities
.
4.
The duration of brain 21 state is negatively correlated with the performance of working memory TAP in the population
.
The positive and negative intensities of modules at the whole brain and brainstem-plus levels are positively correlated with the performance of working memory TAP in the elderly
.
1.
The dynamic analysis determined that the brain state of the two groups was 21, but this state occurred more frequently in the elderly and lasted longer
.
2.
Compared with young people, the brain state 21 of the elderly shows lower average module positive and/or negative intensity and brainstem-cortical intensity at the whole brain level, and also shows lower at the brainstem level The positive strength
.
This finding is in contrast with most other brain states, showing higher average module positive intensity and diversity at the whole brain level, and higher average negative intensity and diversity at the brainstem level
.
3.
When the brain state is 21, the overall gray matter volume is positively correlated with the average module positive intensity
.
In contrast, most other brain states show that overall gray matter volume is negatively correlated with the average module positive and negative intensities
.
4.
The duration of brain 21 state is negatively correlated with the performance of working memory TAP in the population
.
The positive and negative intensities of whole brain and brainstem-plus modules are positively correlated with the performance of working memory TAP
.

The results of the study show that there is age-related weakness in the network synchronization of the brainstem level of the elderly brain state 21, and it has a negative impact on the cortical and subcortical synchronization and the performance of working memory
.

There is age-related weakness in the network synchronization of the brainstem level of the elderly brain state 21, and it has a negative impact on the cortical and subcortical synchronization and the performance of working memory
.
There is age-related weakness in the network synchronization of the brainstem level of the elderly brain state 21, and it has a negative impact on the cortical and subcortical synchronization and the performance of working memory
.

Original source

SG Mueller, AM Muller, Brainstem Dysfunction in Healthy Aging, NeuroImage, 2021, 118241, ISSN 1053-8119, https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
neuroimage.
2021.
118241.

SG Mueller, AM Muller, Brainstem Dysfunction in Healthy Aging, NeuroImage, 2021, 118241, ISSN 1053-8119, https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
neuroimage.
2021.
118241.
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