Nature!' Surprise discovery! Also a cancer metastasis! Lymph node metastasis and far-end metastasis are very different!

May 27, 2020 /
bioON/bioON/--the potential evolutionary process of metastasis -- the development of secondary malignanttumorfrom primary tumors -- is still not entirely clear in human patientsmetastatic tumors can form in the local drained lymph nodes of primarytumor, a form of progressthation that indicates poor prognosis, but can still be cured or developed in distant organs, the latter condition is defined as stage IV disease, and treatment is usually considered palliative careit is not clear whether lymph nodes and distant metastasis are distinguished only by their different prognostic ities, or whether the biological basis for their formation is differentIn a new study published in the journal Nature Genetics, DrKamila Naxerova of theSystems BiologyCenter at Massachusetts General Hospital, DrJohannes Reiter of Stanford University's Center for Early Cancer Detection, and colleagues now find that lymph nodes and distant metastasis are formed by different evolutionary mechanismsimage source: Nature Geneticsby reconstructing the evolutionary history of dozens of primary colorectal cancers and their metastasis, the team showed that lymph node metastasis is a highly genetically diverse groupTheir remarkable heterogeneity suggests that they can be sown by many different primarytumors
subline, on the contrary, distant metastatic tumors are uniformThey are usually similar to each other and have a recent common ancestor, suggesting that fewer primarytumorscells have the ability to form lesions in distant organsIn addition, the genetic diversity in the lymph node metastasis lesions was higher than thegeneticdiversity in distant lesionsthese results show that the selection pressure to form metastatic development in different anatomical sites is very differentLymph node metastasis is relatively "easy" and can be achieved in many cellsOn the other hand, the spread and growth of distant organs seems more challenging and a major bottleneck in tumor progressionIn primarytumor, a fairly small proportion ofgenetic lineage seems to be able to do just that Perhaps these differences may explain why diagnosi
s of lymph node metastasis is usually not as dangerous as distant metastasis in future studies, it will be important to study the molecular and cellular biology mechanisms of the difference in the differencebetween between the lymph nodes and the distant lymph nodes for example, far-end metastasis may be more difficult to achieve because target organs such as the liver are farther away from the primary tumor syll
ables than the local lymph nodes, requiring cells to travel farther away or, for some reason, the microenvironment of the lymph nodes is better suited to spreading tumor cells than thin-walled tissue slivers of distant organs Understanding the molecular factors that limit the formation of transfer in different locations may lead to new preventive treatments (biovalleybioon.com) References: Lymph node metastase form a wider a wilder ar maroon than distant metastases
Johannes G Reiter et al, Lymph node metastase develop a wilder than distant metastases , Nature Genetics (2020) DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-0633-2