Nature Sub-Journal: In-depth analysis of the global patent landscape for CAR-T therapy

Cancer immunotherapy is a way to treat cancer by activating the immune system.
with the rapid development of tumor immunotherapy, cell therapy has attracted wide attention because of its high clinical remission rate in blood system cancer.
since 2018, cell therapy has overtaken cancer-related vaccines to achieve higher rates of remission, particularly in the global cell therapy competition for embedded antigen-treater T (CAR-T).
CAR-T is a genetically modified T-cell that modifies T-cells by importing car-coded genes into the patient's DNA, and the T-cell proliferates back into the patient's body to express CAR, thus activating the body's natural host defense mechanism and killing the target cells, thus achieving a stronger ability to locate and attack tumor cells than ordinary T-cells.
2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved two CAR-T cell therapies, Kymria and Yescarta, a milestone in the field of oncology immunology.
The U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services determined the national coverage of FDA-approved CAR-T therapies on August 7, 2019, and found that national health insurance from the U.K. and Japan had overtaken Kymriah in the past two years.
the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), CAR-T patents have grown dramatically over the past decade, with an average growth rate of 2.09, while the baseline level for the patent population is 1.05.
, however, in this fast-growing field, there is no comprehensive patent analysis.
compared with traditional small molecule drugs and antibody drugs, the patent layout of CAR-T technology is more complex, involving basic research, industrial preparation, clinical use and other links.
to this end, through patent scanning, Professor Hu Yuanjia from the University of Macau from the "time-space-organization-technology" four dimensions of a comprehensive analysis of CAR-T's global patent layout, the first time to provide the field of patented technology "aerial map."
results were published in the latest journal Nature Biotechnology.
to achieve these research objectives and avoid common flaws in patent panoramic reports, the researchers used RIPL standards and referenced PRISMA to collect all CAR-T-related patent documents worldwide.
then analyzed different patent networks through the Gephi software platform and Cytoscape.
originally searched the database for 15,718 patent documents.
12,431 patents were included in the study after excluding patents that were clearly unrelated, CAR-NK cell patents, TCR-T patents, and duplicate records.
show that the top 20 CAR-T inventors are located in the United States, the United Kingdom and France.
, one of CAR-T's creators, Carl H. June of the United States, was the most patented, followed by Martin Pule and Shaun Cordoba from the United Kingdom.
, the University of Pennsylvania, the pharmaceutical company Shishi Shiguibo and Novarma of Switzerland are in the top three in terms of corporate patents.
the only Chinese company to squeeze into the top 20 patent ownership is Koji Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., ranked 18th.
further use of Cytoscape to analyze different patent networks shows that there is clear cross-regional cooperation between institutions in the CAR-T field.
most notably, several universities and pharmaceutical companies from the United States have formed strong and close partnerships with each other, ranking among the world's leading companies.
the same is true of France and the UK, europe's top-ranked countries.
, on the other hand, China's CAR-T research is not too early, but it is very fast.
, China has become the world's first patent open country, the world's second patent ownership country.
However, we can still see that we still have a big gap with the European and American powers - the number of patent institutions, but small size, lack of cooperation and international layout, resulting in a global research and development network in a marginal position.
, China's patent system has had a big impact on other countries entering the country.
china is considering whether innovative developers can obtain patent approvals in China before entering the market to deter potential competitors.
, the researchers point out that the economic benefits of CAR-T's superior clinical efficacy, as well as the market demand from China's large population base, have generated great enthusiasm and interest from researchers and companies around the world.
: Lyu L, et al. The global chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy patent landscape. Nat Biotechnol. 2020 Dec; 38(12):1387-1394. doi: 10.1038/s41587-020-00749-8. MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that indicate "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Original" are owned by Mets Medicine and are not authorized to be reproduced by any media, website or individual, and are authorized to be reproduced with the words "Source: Mets Medicine".
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