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This article is original by Translational Medicine Network.
Please indicate the source for reprinting.
Author: Tiffany Introduction: An environment full of stimulating elements can keep the "hippocampus", which is the memory control center in the brain, young and active
.
Studies have shown that this is the result of molecular mechanisms, which affect the regulation of genes
.
Why does a vibrant and varied life enable people to remain mentally healthy when they are old? Recently, scientists have drawn some new conclusions in experimental studies on mice.
After comparing the hippocampal activity of the same age old mice with high stimulation and low stimulation respectively, they found that the memory from the high stimulation environment is far stronger than Old mice in a low-irritating environment
.
This principle may also be applicable to humans
.
Recently, researchers from DZNE and the Dresden Regenerative Therapy Center (CRTD) of the Dresden University of Technology published a titled "Environmental enrichment preserves a young DNA methylation landscape in the aged mouse hippocampus" in Nature Communications.
Papers
.
They found that whether a brain has good malleability is related to the ability of methyl groups attached to DNA to activate genes
.
The DNA in the human body contains thousands of genes.
Of course, this feature also applies to mice
.
However, the factors that determine cell function and cell health are not just these cell models.
The most important factor is which genes can be turned on or off.
.
As we all know, aging, living conditions and behavior will all affect the ability to activate genes.
This phenomenon is called "epigenetics" and is the focus of current research
.
To this end, the researchers explored mice that grew up in different environments
.
One group of mice has been well-rested since childhood, and they have not lacked the company of toys and tunnel tubes in their growth environment; while the other group of rodent mice have not been given such generous treatment
.
DNA Attachment During the process of examining the genomes of these mice, scientists discovered that for the mice in an environment with high stimulus intensity, as they age, certain chemical attachments of DNA only occur relatively small.
Changes; and in a group of mice from a low-stimulus environment, as long as you compare young and old mice together, you will find that the above-mentioned DNA changes are much more pronounced
.
"We registered the so-called methyl groups.
These groups are attached to DNA.
These chemical attachments themselves do not change the genetic information, but have an impact on whether a single gene can be activated
.
" Gerd Kempermann, DZNE Drei A spokesperson for the Stern website, leader of the DZNE research team, and a scientist from CRTD, explained this
.
The malleable brain, this "epigenetic mark", will decrease with age, but for animals in a living environment with high stimulation intensity, the decrease in methyl groups is relatively small
.
Therefore, in a sense, the activity of their genes can still be maintained in a very young and active state in old mice that grow up in a changing environment
.
In particular, this affects a series of genes that are closely related to the growth of new neurons and cell connections in the hippocampus
.
"From an epigenetic point of view, these animals retain a younger hippocampus," Kempermann said
.
Therefore, compared with mice of the same age that grew up in a low-stimulus environment, the brains of these mice are more malleable.
Experts call this characteristic "neural plasticity
.
"
The current research does not include behavioral experiments
.
However, the authors point out that many other studies have shown that mice from a high-stimulus environment perform better on memory tests than those from a low-stimulus environment
.
The neuroscientist said: “From this we can infer that this mental health benefits from the stability of the methylation model we have observed
.
Of course, the crux of the problem lies in the extent to which we have reached these conclusions.
For humans, that situation may be more complicated
.
After all, these issues are related to how the living environment affects behavior and how humans respond to the much more complex external stimuli in experiments with mice
.
However, we still have good reason to be convinced The basic epigenetic principles of humans and mice are the same
.
"In short, although the experiments on two groups of mice in different environments provide us with reference and inspiration for studying the effects of environmental factors on humans, the environment in which humans live After all, it is far more complicated than mice, and the complexity of human genes and brains cannot be compared with that of mice.
There are many more things to explore next.
.
.
Reference materials: https:// /articles/s41467-021-23993-1 Note: This article aims to introduce the progress of medical research and cannot be used as a reference for treatment options
.
If you need health guidance, please go to a regular hospital for treatment
.
Please indicate the source for reprinting.
Author: Tiffany Introduction: An environment full of stimulating elements can keep the "hippocampus", which is the memory control center in the brain, young and active
.
Studies have shown that this is the result of molecular mechanisms, which affect the regulation of genes
.
Why does a vibrant and varied life enable people to remain mentally healthy when they are old? Recently, scientists have drawn some new conclusions in experimental studies on mice.
After comparing the hippocampal activity of the same age old mice with high stimulation and low stimulation respectively, they found that the memory from the high stimulation environment is far stronger than Old mice in a low-irritating environment
.
This principle may also be applicable to humans
.
Recently, researchers from DZNE and the Dresden Regenerative Therapy Center (CRTD) of the Dresden University of Technology published a titled "Environmental enrichment preserves a young DNA methylation landscape in the aged mouse hippocampus" in Nature Communications.
Papers
.
They found that whether a brain has good malleability is related to the ability of methyl groups attached to DNA to activate genes
.
The DNA in the human body contains thousands of genes.
Of course, this feature also applies to mice
.
However, the factors that determine cell function and cell health are not just these cell models.
The most important factor is which genes can be turned on or off.
.
As we all know, aging, living conditions and behavior will all affect the ability to activate genes.
This phenomenon is called "epigenetics" and is the focus of current research
.
To this end, the researchers explored mice that grew up in different environments
.
One group of mice has been well-rested since childhood, and they have not lacked the company of toys and tunnel tubes in their growth environment; while the other group of rodent mice have not been given such generous treatment
.
DNA Attachment During the process of examining the genomes of these mice, scientists discovered that for the mice in an environment with high stimulus intensity, as they age, certain chemical attachments of DNA only occur relatively small.
Changes; and in a group of mice from a low-stimulus environment, as long as you compare young and old mice together, you will find that the above-mentioned DNA changes are much more pronounced
.
"We registered the so-called methyl groups.
These groups are attached to DNA.
These chemical attachments themselves do not change the genetic information, but have an impact on whether a single gene can be activated
.
" Gerd Kempermann, DZNE Drei A spokesperson for the Stern website, leader of the DZNE research team, and a scientist from CRTD, explained this
.
The malleable brain, this "epigenetic mark", will decrease with age, but for animals in a living environment with high stimulation intensity, the decrease in methyl groups is relatively small
.
Therefore, in a sense, the activity of their genes can still be maintained in a very young and active state in old mice that grow up in a changing environment
.
In particular, this affects a series of genes that are closely related to the growth of new neurons and cell connections in the hippocampus
.
"From an epigenetic point of view, these animals retain a younger hippocampus," Kempermann said
.
Therefore, compared with mice of the same age that grew up in a low-stimulus environment, the brains of these mice are more malleable.
Experts call this characteristic "neural plasticity
.
"
The current research does not include behavioral experiments
.
However, the authors point out that many other studies have shown that mice from a high-stimulus environment perform better on memory tests than those from a low-stimulus environment
.
The neuroscientist said: “From this we can infer that this mental health benefits from the stability of the methylation model we have observed
.
Of course, the crux of the problem lies in the extent to which we have reached these conclusions.
For humans, that situation may be more complicated
.
After all, these issues are related to how the living environment affects behavior and how humans respond to the much more complex external stimuli in experiments with mice
.
However, we still have good reason to be convinced The basic epigenetic principles of humans and mice are the same
.
"In short, although the experiments on two groups of mice in different environments provide us with reference and inspiration for studying the effects of environmental factors on humans, the environment in which humans live After all, it is far more complicated than mice, and the complexity of human genes and brains cannot be compared with that of mice.
There are many more things to explore next.
.
.
Reference materials: https:// /articles/s41467-021-23993-1 Note: This article aims to introduce the progress of medical research and cannot be used as a reference for treatment options
.
If you need health guidance, please go to a regular hospital for treatment
.
