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J.
A team led by scientists at the Van Andel Institute has discovered two different types of obesity with physiological and molecular differences that can have lifelong effects
The findings, published today in the journal Nature Metabolism, offer a more nuanced understanding of obesity than the current definition, and perhaps one day provide more precise ways to diagnose and treat obesity and related metabolic disorders
The study also reveals new details about epigenetics and the role of opportunity in health, and provides insights into
"Nearly 2 billion people worldwide are considered overweight and more than 600 million people suffer from obesity, but we don't yet have a framework for stratifying individuals based on more precise causes of the disease," said J.
Currently, the diagnostic criteria for obesity are the Body Mass Index (BMI), an index
Combining laboratory studies of mouse models and an in-depth analysis of data from TwinsUK, a pioneering research resource and research cohort developed in the UK, Pospisilik and his collaborators identified four metabolic subtypes that affect individual body shape: two tending to be thin and two leaning toward obesity
One subtype of obesity is characterized by a large amount of fat, while the other is characterized
After identifying subtypes in human data, the team validated the results
"Our findings in the lab almost completely replicate data from human twins
Depending on the calculations and the traits discussed, only 30%-50% of human trait outcomes are related to genetic or environmental influences
The study suggests that UPV may have its roots in epigenetics, the process
Pospisilik said: "This unexplained variant is difficult to study, but the rewards of deep understanding are enormous
Pospisilik hopes that the team's findings will inform future developments in precision medicine strategies and lead to a version of their approach that could be used in doctors' offices to better understand each patient's health and inform care
Independent phenotypic plasticity axes define distinct obesity sub-types
