Nature: Revealthe mechanisms by chemicals that cause complex cell mutations and cancer!

, June 27, 2020 /
PRNewswire/ -- New insight
s into why certain harmful substances can cause cancer so effectively could help to find better treatmentsa new study reveals how chemicals alter cells, help them evade the body's immune system, and build resistance to cancer drugsscientists tracked the effects of a toxic substance -- similar to compounds found in tobacco, exhaust gases and some plants -- to better understand how chemicals cause DNA mutations in our cellsphoto source: Nature
team found that damage to the substance lasts for a long time and is notgeneticuntil the cells divideThis damage prevents cells from properly reading the replication mechanism of the DNA sequence, and each new copy is produced, there is a good chance of a new mutationeach damaged cell division produces a new combination of mutationsBecause only a specific combination of mutations can cause healthy cell carcinoma, the more mutations that occur, the greater the risk of diseaserapid increase in new mutation combinations means more gene combinations that can produce cancer cellsbecause of these additional mutations, greatergeneticdiversity is introduced into cells, providing more opportunities fortumorto evade the body's immune system and develop resistance to treatmentthe team's unique mutation pattern scans them back to the starting point oftumorThis new discovery will help future research understand the mechanisms behind cancer development and DNA repair processesteam led by the University of Edinburgh, the University of Cambridge and the German Cancer Research Centre identified specific mutations that produce cancer cellsThe findings could help doctors prescribe the most appropriate course of chemotherapy and dosage for patientsteam studied how cancer cells in the liver of mice evolved after injecting mice with the cancer-causing chemical dimethyl nitrosamineIt can cause long-term DNA damage similar to mascarine, which is found in some plants and herbs and is associated withliver cancerthis DNA damage is similar to that caused by ultraviolet and tobacco smoke, car exhaust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in some charred foodThe use of pyridozole and other drugs in chemotherapy can also cause persistent DNA damageall mutations have a clear pattern, indicating that the damage occurs on only one of the two DNA spiral chainsIn this process, most mutations come from single-stranded damage, now known as damage separationKnowing that damage separation has occurred will help the team identify the causeof the cancer mutationafter determining the mutation patterns in mice, the team used published data from human cells to look for evidence of the separation of lesions in cancer patients caused by chemicals and ultraviolet radiationPhoto Source: Nature
The study is the result of a collaboration between researchers from the EMBL European Bioinformatics Institute near Cambridge and the Biomedical Research Institute in Barcelona The study was published in the journal Nature The project is funded by Cancer Research UK and supported by the European Research Council, the Wellcome Foundation, the Helmholtz Society and the Medical Research Council Professor Martin Taylor, of the Centre for Genetic research in human at the University of Edinburgh, , said: "DNA lesions caused by carcinogens are independent of each chain and can trigger mutations for generations It is important to recognize this in the treatment of tumors and in the development of new drugs Dr Duncan Odom, research director at the Cancer Institute at the University of Cambridge in the UK, said: "The concept of damage separation helps us better understand how the amazing complexity of cancer cell mutations is generated This may help explain how cancer cells respond so flexibly that they affect the evolution of the cancer genome Dr Sarah Aitken, of the University of Cambridge University, said: "Ultimately, cancer cells that carry the most favourable mutation pattern will win They can grow fastest, escape the immune system, and may be better treated (BioValleyBioon.com) References: Pervasive's links the shapes the , Nature 2020 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2435-1
Cancer study shows how chemicals scause ser cell
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