【Nature Newsletter】Breakthrough!

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Author: Daisy Guide: Glioblastoma multiforme GBM is the most common and particularly fatal brain tumor, often infiltrating adjacent tissues, and its shape is changeable and uncertain Range
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Researchers have always relied on obtaining tumor samples from different patients.
Recently, a study published in "Nature Communications" shows that using the most advanced stem cell technology and next-generation DNA sequencing methods to compare diseased and healthy cells from the same patient, this The method can reveal the wrong new molecules in the development of GBM, and this significant molecular difference can determine new therapeutic targets
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This is an innovative method that compares normal and malignant cells from the same patient and identifies genes that play a role in tumor growth
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It also reveals epigenetic changes, which can help predict the patient's response to drugs currently used clinically to treat other diseases, which will be very valuable
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Scientists studying the most common and aggressive types of brain tumors in adults have discovered a new way to analyze diseased and healthy cells in the same patient
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Crucially, this work, funded by the charity brain tumor research, may pave the way for truly personalized treatment of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)
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Only 25% of patients with such brain tumors survive for more than one year, and only 5% of patients survive for more than five years
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A team from the Centre for Excellence in Brain Tumor Research, University of Mary, London, has established a new experimental research pipeline.
In a trial involving ten IDH-wild-type GBM patients, it revealed new insights into how GBM develops and determines the treatment.
Potential new targets
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It can also help predict the patient's response to drugs currently used clinically to treat other diseases, which will be very valuable because the average survival time for this type of brain tumor is only 12 to 18 months
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Their paper "Comparative epigenetic analysis of tumour initiating cells and syngeneic EPSC-derived neural stem cells in glioblastoma" was published in the journal Nature Communications on October 21
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Professor Silvia Marino, who led the team, said: “We have used this powerful technology to identify gene function changes that occur in GBM, and these changes do not change the genetic code (epigenetics)
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This reveals how GBM developed New insights and identified potential new targets for individualized treatment
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"DOI: 10.
1038/s41467-021-26297-6 By combining laboratory work and complex analytical computer programs, the research team at Queen Mary’s College has discovered significant molecules Differences, these differences can be used to develop new treatment methods
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This is an innovative method that compares normal and malignant cells from the same patient, helping to identify genes that play a role in tumor growth
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This study is particularly important because GBM is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults
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Its aggressiveness means that it will spread widely to the surrounding brain tissue, and it is almost impossible to completely remove it by surgery
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It is extremely resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which means that it is likely to relapse after treatment
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 Hugh Adams, spokesperson for brain tumor research, said: "The complexity of this particular tumor type means that the standard of treatment for these patients has not changed in a generation, so this research brings much-needed hope for the future
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" One of the main challenges in developing effective treatments for GBM is that tumors between patients show significant differences, and even individual patients may have significant differences within tumors
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These mutations may result from changes in the cell's genetic code-called mutations-combined with changes in the way specific genes are controlled
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"There is strong evidence that GBM cells are derived from neural stem cells, but previous studies did not compare tumor cells with cells of putative origin from the same person
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Professor Marino and her team are now using state-of-the-art stem cells.
Technology and next-generation DNA sequencing methods to compare diseased cells and healthy cells from the same patient
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Their results show that this method can reveal new molecular events that have been wrong in the development of GBM, thereby identifying potential new therapeutic targets
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"the team's results show that this method can reveal new molecular targets for potential new therapies
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For example, research results reveal how some GBM tumors control the movement of regulatory T cells (a type of immune cell), and also reveal epigenetic changes that can be used to predict the response of current clinical drugs
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Brain tumors cause more deaths in children and adults under the age of 40 than any other cancer, but historically, only 1% of national cancer research funding is used for this devastating disease
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Brain Tumor Research funds sustainable research in specialized centres in the UK
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It also called on the government and large cancer charities to increase investment in brain tumor research to speed up new treatments for patients and eventually find a cure
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The charity is calling for an annual expenditure of 35 million pounds to improve survival rates and patient prognosis, keeping it in line with other cancers such as breast cancer and leukemia, while calling for more reutilization of drugs
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Reference: https://medicalxpress.
com/news/2021-10-breakthrough-treatment-patients-deadly-brain.
html Note: This article aims to introduce the progress of medical research and cannot be used as a reference for treatment options
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If you need health guidance, please go to a regular hospital
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