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Image: Scanning electron micrograph showing HIV particles (yellow) emerging from infected T cells (blue)
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Source: NIAID
Research led by scientists from the National Institutes of Health found two very different methods by which HIV-infected individuals can control the virus for a longer period of time after stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART) under medical supervision
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This information can provide information for the development of new tools to help people living with HIV alleviate the condition without taking life-long drugs, which may have long-term side effects
The research was published today in the journal Natural Medicine, and is led by Dr.
Chun Tae-Wook, Director of the HIV Immune Virology Division of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
.
And Anthony S.
This study involved two adults who were infected with HIV.
They started receiving antiretroviral therapy shortly after contracting the virus and continued to receive treatment for more than six years, successfully suppressing HIV
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These people subsequently participated in an HIV clinical trial and stopped antiretroviral treatment under medical supervision
The researchers monitored the time and size of the virus rebound in each participant, which is the time when the amount of HIV was detected in their blood
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One participant suppressed the virus through intermittent rebound for nearly 3.
In the first participant instead of the second participant, the scientists discovered high levels of HIV-specific immune cells—CD8+ T cells, which can kill virus-infected cells, indicating different control mechanisms Works on everyone
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The researchers also found that the second participant had a weak response to HIV's CD8+ T cells, but during the follow-up period before the virus rebounded suddenly, the neutralizing antibody response was very strong
This group of scientists emphasized that in order to avoid the emergence of viral resistance and prevent potential misunderstandings of scientific data in studies like this, it is important to conduct routine antiretroviral drug testing for people with HIV who have stopped treatment for a long time
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In addition, the researchers confirmed that HIV repeat infection is a potential cause of sudden virological breakthroughs in HIV-infected patients who discontinued treatment, especially when the breakthrough occurs after prolonged viral suppression
J Blazkova et al .
