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Picture: Details the mechanism of the body's allergen perception system
Source: Cincinnati Children
When people come into contact with allergens such as insects, mites and fungi, the built-in rapid response system will trigger an inflammatory response.
A study led by scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital was published in Nature Immunology on September 16, 2021, revealing new details about how the body's "type 2 innate immune response" system works
"Blocking the allergen perception pathway can provide a unique opportunity to combat type 2 immunity and relieve allergic inflammation," said Marc Rothenberg, MD, director of the Cincinnati Children's Allergy and Immunity Department and senior author of the study
In addition to Rothenberg, the research team also includes Michael Brusilovsky, Dr.
Previous studies have confirmed that a variety of allergens can induce similar IL-33 responses when destroying the mucosal epithelial layer
Allergen Sensing System
Brusilovsky, the first author of the study, said: "This breakthrough was possible because of new insights into the role of ripoptosome signaling and caspases in allergic inflammation
Specifically, allergens trigger activity in a chain of cell death-inducing signals called ribonucleic acid
In the past two decades, immunologists have discovered the mechanism by which the innate immune system perceives bacteria and viruses, but how to perceive allergens is still a mystery
"The discovery of this surprising mechanism is the most important breakthrough in understanding how the innate immune system perceives allergens to initiate type 2 reactions and subsequent allergic inflammation," said Pasare, one of the study's senior authors
In mice, inhibiting the activity of caspase 8 reduced IL-33's response to allergen exposure and limited bronchial inflammation in the lungs
"In the human allergic disease eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), we found that ripoptosome activation markers and mature IL-33 levels are dynamically correlated with esophageal eosinophilia and the degree of disease activity," the study said
The next step involves further confirming the RipIL-33 pathway in human allergic reactions and determining whether existing drugs or new compounds can safely disrupt the inflammatory cycle
Original Search
DOI
10.
Environmental allergens trigger type 2 inflammation through ripoptosome activation'
