Nature Immunology Li Huabing research group and cooperation team reported that tRNA-m1A modification is CD4+T fine...

On September 22, Li Huabing, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Immunology of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and his team published a research paper entitled "tRNA-M¹A modification promotes T cell expansion via efficient MYC protein synthesis" at Nature Immunology, which revealed^M1 A modification catalyzes the enzyme tRNA methyltransferase 61A (TRMT61A) by catalyzing the methylation of newly synthesized tRNA 58th adenine to improve the translation efficiency of a variety of key proteins after CD4+ T cell activation, thereby promoting the rapid proliferation

When Naïve CD4+ T cells receive different antigen signal stimulation, they can be activated and withdraw from the resting state, and then begin to expand in large numbers of clones, and eventually differentiate into auxiliary CD4⁺ T cell subpopulations, which are widely involved in a variety of immune response processes and play corresponding regulatory roles.

In order to clarify the dynamic changes of various gene expressions in CD4⁺ T cells in the early stage of activation, the research team anchored the synthase-TRMT61A of methylation modification (m1A58) of the 58th adenine on tRNA by comprehensively analyzing the results of multi-omics sequencing, and constructed a series of in vitro and in vivo biological studies

At the same time, the journal Nature Imaging was specially distributed Research Briefing, in which "Expert Opinion" (Figure 1) highly evaluated the novelty and significance of the paper, believing that the paper for the first time studied the mechanism of tRNA modification and T cell function, bringing a new understanding of post-transcriptional regulation of immune cells to the field; "From the editor" (Figure 2) summarizes that the scientific problem studied in this paper is similar to how Naïve T cells accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 2 seconds after activation, and found that^m1A tRNA modification is a "translation checkpoint" similar to the "sports car throttle" to drive the rapid increase in value

Nature Immunology Candidate Cover: TRMT61A-Mediated tRNA-M1 A58^Modificationis a "translation checkpoint" that promotes the proliferation of CD4⁺ T cells

Expert Opinion from Julia Marchingo, WEHI, Victoria, Australia

Editor Opinion from Laurie A.

Liu Yongbo, Zhou Jing, associate researcher and master student Shi Jintong, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Xiaoyu Li, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhang Xiaoting, doctoral student of School of Life Sciences, Peking University, as the co-first authors of this paper, Li Huabing, researcher of Shanghai Institute of Immunology/School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Professor Wu Yuzhang, Chongqing Institute of International Immunology, Professor Yi Chengqi of the School of Life Sciences of Peking University and Professor Richard A.

About the Corresponding Author

Li Huabing, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, is a researcher and doctoral supervisor

Expert comments | Professor He Chuan

John T.

Department of Chemistry,University of Chicago

Investigator,

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Li Huabing's team has been focusing on the study of the impact of RNA modification on immune cell development and function, especially on the exploration of the epigenetic regulation of T cell RNA, and published a series of high-level research results, which has formed a certain academic influence

This paper is another time Dr.