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Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant neoplastic disease in which B-line or T-line cells derived from lymphocytes proliferate abnormally in the bone marrow.
It accounts for more than 70% of childhood leukemias and about 20% of adult leukemias
.
Acute lymphocytic leukemia is usually treated with chemotherapy.
In severe cases, bone marrow transplantation or immunotherapy is required, including CAR-T cell therapy.
However, CAR-T cell therapy is only effective for B-cell leukemia.
T-cell leukemia is powerless, and T-cell leukemia accounts for 15-20% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
.
There are also side effects during treatment, because healthy B cells are also affected
On December 7, 2021, researchers from the University of Oslo and Karolinska Institute in Sweden published a research paper titled: T cells targeted to TdT kill leukemic lymphoblasts while sparing normal lymphocytes in the journal Nature Biotechnology
.
This research develops a new T cell immunotherapy that targets the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) expressed only in T cells and B cell leukemia cells, but not in normal T cells and B cells.
), while removing T cells and B cell leukemia cells, while retaining normal T cells and B cells
.
It brings new hope to those patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who do not have alternative therapies
Currently, the research team is starting to initiate clinical trials and plans to test the therapy in more cancer types
.
In this study, the research team discovered a new method of reprogramming T cells so that they bind to targets expressed inside cancer cells that are not found in normal cells
.
This new immunotherapy focuses on terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), which is expressed in both T-cell and B-cell leukemia, but only briefly during the early development of healthy T-cells and B-cells
.
This means that targeting TdT can eliminate T cells and B cell leukemia cells while retaining normal T cells and B cells
Johanna Olweus of the University of Oslo developed this immunotherapy.
The research team conducted experiments on a mouse model of B-cell leukemia, a mouse model of human B-cell leukemia, and a mouse model of human T-cell leukemia
.
The test results show that T cells carrying the specific receptor for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) can detect and eliminate leukemia cells in different organs of these leukemia mouse models, and the safety is good.
No healthy B cells have been found.
The adverse effects of cells and T cells and new blood cells
.
This further confirms the safety of the therapy
In view of the good preclinical research results, the research team is currently planning a clinical trial to test the therapy on patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who lack treatment
.
In addition, the research team said that more experiments will be conducted to verify the effect of the therapy on other cancer types
Original source:
Original source:Ali, M.
T cells targeted to TdT kill leukemic lymphoblasts while sparing normal lymphocytes in this message
