Nature: Be alert! New coronavirus may cause diabetes!

, June 27, 2020 /PRNewswire/
- In mid-April, Finn Gnadt, an 18-year-old student from Kiel, Germany, learned that he was infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus despite feeling wellGnadt's parents fell ill after a boat trip to Austria, so his family underwent a test for viral antibodies, which responded to the infectionGnadt thought he wasn't infected, but a few days later he began to feel exhausted and thirstyIn early May, he was diagnosedwithwith type 1diabetes, and his physician, Tim Holstein of Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital in Kiel, believes the suddendiabetes
may be related to a viral infectionfor most patients with type 1diabetes, the body's immune cells begin to destroy the cells in the pancreas -- the cells responsible for producing the hormone insulin -- usually suddenlyIn Gnadt's case, Holstein suspects that the virus has damaged his cells because his blood does not contain immune cells that normally destroy the islet where the beta cells are locatedPhoto Source: Bernard Chantal Alamy
people have known thatdiabetesis a key risk factor for developing COVID-19, and that people with diabetes are more likely to die"If you have COVID-19, diabetes is fatal," said Paul Zimmet, who studymetabolic disease s
toic is at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia"
, a growing number of researchers now believe that diabetes not only makes people more susceptible to coronavirus, but that the virus can also cause diabetes in some people, and Zimmet is one of them." Diabetes itself is an epidemic, just like COVID-19The two epidemics may clashmore and more evidence
their intuition is based on the situation of a small number of people, such as Gnadtt, who develop diabetes spontaneously after being infected with SARS-CoV-2, and dozens of CASES of COVID-19 patients who arrive at the hospital with extremely high levels of blood sugar and very high levels of blood sugar and ketones, which are produced by fat deposited in the liverKetones are used as an alternative source of fuel when the body is unable to produce enough insulin to break down sugar"In science, sometimes you have to start with very small evidence to pursue a hypothesis, " Zimmet saysresearchers cite other evidenceVarious viruses, including those that cause Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), are linked toautoimmunediseases such as type 1 diabetes Many of the organs involved in controlling blood sugar are rich in a protein called ACE2, through which SARS-CoV-2 infects cells latest lead comes from an experimental study published last week on the culture of pancreas in small laboratories, which suggests that the virus can cause diabetes by destroying cells that control blood sugar but other researchers are cautious about the advice Naveed Sattar, a metabolic disease researcher at the University of Glasgow in the UK, said: "We need to keep a close eye on the incidence of diabetes in people with a history of COVID-19 and determine whether the incidence is above expectations Clinical scientist at the University of Birmingham in the UK, Abd Tahrani, says researchers need stronger evidence to establish a link between the two "There is a need for well-structured epidemiological cohort studies, as well as mechanism and experimental studies," he said An initiative the Diabetes Database is under way Earlier this month, an international team of scientists, including Zimmet, set up a global database to collect information on COVID-19 patients with no history of diabetes or blood sugar control problems Stefan Bornstein, a physician at the Technical University of Dresden in Germany, who was also involved in the database, said cases were beginning to slowly appear The researchers hope to see if SARS-CoV-2 can trigger type 1 diabetes or a new type of diabetes They wanted to investigate whether a sudden episode of diabetes became a permanent disease in patients with COVID-19 They also want to know whether the virus can turn people who are already developing type 2 diabetes into diabetics study of pancreatic organs shows how SARS-CoV-2 damages pancreatic tissue Dr Shuibing Chen, a of stem cell biology at Weill Cornell Medical School in New York, and her colleagues have demonstrated that viruses can infect alfa and beta cells in organ diseases, some of which can die Beta cells produce insulin to lower blood sugar levels, while alfa cells produce glucagon, which raises blood sugar According to a study published June 19 in the journal
Cell Stem Stem , the virus also induces the production of proteins such as chemofactors and cytokines, which trigger immune responses that can also kill cells photo source: Joep Beumer Clevers Group Hubrecht Institute Chen said, the virus has shown that the virus can destroy the function of key cells associated with diabetes by directly killing or triggering an aggressive immune response the virus also attacked pancreatic and liver organ cells transplanted into mice When the liver perceives insulin, it is important to store and release sugar into the blood organ study adds strength to the argument that SARS-CoV-2 may cause or worsen diabetes, but Tahrani says the paper itself is not enough to prove a link between the two Shane Grey, a immunology at the Gavin Institute of Medicine in Sydney, Australia, , says the reality may be more complicated than some scientists think He said the virus can trigger extreme inflammatory states that impair the pancreas's ability to perceive glucose and release insulin, and impair the liver and muscles' ability to detect hormones This may cause diabetes Severe infections cause fatigue and muscle atrophy can also put patients at risk of prediabetes, Sattar said Only long-term research can reveal exactly what happened, he said (BioValleyBioon.com) Reference: -Mounting les talk the coronavirus -liste-of-16,749-hospitalised UK patients with COVID-19-using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Select Association of The Subyers And Outcomes in Patients with COVID-1
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A Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-based Platform to Study-CoV-2 Tropism and Model Virus Cell In Human Cells and Organoids .