National Science Review: Liu Sijin/Zheng Nanfeng has developed a new approach that has important treatment prospects for breast cancer metastasis.

Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer deaths in many tumor types, including breast cancer.
-intersuppional transformation (EMT) is the driving force behind the occurrence and development of transfer, there are no targeted strategies to prevent EMT that can be used to combat transfer.
that a variety of engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) have played a promising anti-cancer role, but NOMs for EMT have not yet been designed.
(Pd) nanomaterials (an ENM) have received widespread attention in nanomedican because of their good photothermal properties for cancer treatment.
, regardless of these encouraging developments, little research has been conducted on the role of ENM in reducing EMT transfer.
, it is important to study the role of ENM in EMT target transfer.
September 3, 2020, Liu Sijin of the Center for Ecological Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zheng Nanfeng of Xiamen University jointly published a research paper entitled "Palladium nanoplates breast cancer lung metastasis by constraining epithelial-mesenchymal transition", which found that PdPL prioritizes biological distribution of primary tumors and metastasis tumors.
important, PdPL showed significant inhibition of lung metastasis both with and without near-infrared (NIR) exposure.
study showed significant damage to EMT in breast cancer cells after PdPL treatment, in part because of inhibition of the transmission of the conversion growth factor-beta (TGF-beta).
surprising, PdPL was found to interact directly with TGF-beta proteins, thereby reducing the function of TGF-beta in activating its downstream signaling, as evidenced by the decrease in Smad2 phosphate.
it is worth noting that the TGF-beta independent approach is also involved in disrupting EMT and other important biological processes that are necessary for metastasis.
, NIR exposure synergetic effects on the inhibition of primary tumors and metastasis induced by PdPL.
, these results show that PdPL significantly inhibits metastasis by inhibiting EMT signal conduction, thus showing that PdPL has broad prospects as a treatment for breast cancer metastasis.
, on July 2, 2020, Zhu Yongfa of Tsinghua University and Shanyue Guan of the Institute of Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences published an online newsletter entitled "Photogenerated Holes Induced Rapids of solid tumors by the supramolecular porphy. Photocatalyst"s research paper, which established a supermoleal photocatalyst Nano-SA-TCPP that can be irradiated at 600-700 nm wavelengths to treat solid tumors, which can be eliminated in 10 minutes.
survival increased from 0% to 100% 50 days after phototalytic therapy.
radon-based photocatalyst can be targeted by cancer cells for internalization without entering normal cells due to size selection.
therapy has no toxicity or side effects on normal cells and organisms.
, phototolytic therapy is effective in a variety of cancer cell line.
because of its efficiency, safety and versatility, phototolytic therapy provides us with a new way to conquer tumors.
primary tumors cause a large number of diseases in cancer patients, the transfer to distant organs is the main cause of adverse disease outcomes in cancer patients.
, metastasis tumors account for more than 90 percent of breast cancer deaths.
metastasis is a continuous process involving an increase in tumor cells falling off the primary tumor in a direction parallel to the growth of the primary tumor, which leads to the continuous delivery of tumor cells to distant organs, which is essentially a multi-step dynamic cascading reaction that begins with the primary tumor, which requires the transfer of cells through lymphatic or blood circulation and then deposits the tumor cells in the target organ.
metastasis involves many complex biological processes in which endothorization-interstital transformation (EMT) largely determines the invasion/diffusion of cancer cells in distant organs and subsequent repositioning.
EMT is a fine-tuning program that controls the transformation of cortical cells into interstatum-like cells with more fibroblast properties, thereby increasing the ability of tumor cells to invade and migrate.
In a large number of EMT upstream regulatory proteins, the transformation growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) play a key role in driving EMT through continuous regulation of genes responsible for cellular contact, plasticity, motion, dryness, etc.
known TGF-beta ligation binds to its transmeral liturgy (TGF-betaR) with phosphatized ligates and regulated proteins, mainly Smad2 and Smad3 (Smad2/3), to coordinate gene expression and promote EMT.
is currently conducting research to find drugs that can block the transmission of TGF-beta signals.
nanomedicology continues to bring unprecedented advantages to the development of cancer therapy.
engineering nanomaterials have been widely studied to inhibit and eliminate the growth of primary tumors.
, the study of selective targeting shifts using ENM-based strategies is still fairly limited.
ENM-based anti-cancer methods include nano-vector-assisted chemical/gene delivery, photothermal therapy and immunotherapy.
Although these treatments are effective in killing cancer cells, some factors (such as drug leakage, multidruped resistance, limited tissue penetration depth in near-infrared (NIR) light) and immune tolerance limit the effectiveness of these treatments, while ENM-based alternative anti-transfer therapies are not available.
, the potential of ENM itself as a therapeutic agent in cancer treatment has attracted increasing attention.
, enMs, including copper oxide, zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles, are cytotoxic in themselves and cannot selectively kill cancer cells.
a recent study, we reported that Pd-based ENM (e.g. PdPL) has the potential to be a cancer treatment agent due to its excellent photothermal and acoustic properties and required biological/cell compatibleness.
, PdPL shows greater light stability and is easier to locate cancerous tissue than other ENMs.
, regardless of these encouraging developments, little research has been conducted on the role of ENM in reducing EMT transfer.
, it is important to study the role of ENM in EMT target transfer.
study found that Pd nanoplates (PdPL) prioritize biological distribution to primary and metastasis tumors.
important, PdPL showed significant inhibition of lung metastasis both with and without near-infrared (NIR) exposure.
study showed significant damage to EMT in breast cancer cells after PdPL treatment, in part because of inhibition of the transmission of the conversion growth factor-beta (TGF-beta).
surprising, PdPL was found to interact directly with TGF-beta proteins, thereby reducing the function of TGF-beta in activating its downstream signaling, as evidenced by the decrease in Smad2 phosphate.
it is worth noting that the TGF-beta independent approach is also involved in disrupting EMT and other important biological processes that are necessary for metastasis.
, NIR exposure synergetic effects on the inhibition of primary tumors and metastasis induced by PdPL.
, these results show that PdPL significantly inhibits metastasis by inhibiting EMT signal conduction, thus showing that PdPL has broad prospects as a treatment for breast cancer metastasis.
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