Nat Commun: Two large queues identified the same genetic risk of cancer.

The global burden of cancer is currently enormous, with an estimated 18.1 million people diagnosed with cancer each year and about 9.6 million dying from it.
is therefore essential for cancer prevention, screening and treatment, but this requires a more comprehensive understanding of the basis of cancer.
Although studies in twins, families, and unrelated populations have shown a large number of cancers with hereditary and family cluster characteristics, we do not know the unique and commonalities of genetic variation in different cancers.
Whole Genome Association Study (GWAS) for individual cancers has identified places associated with a variety of cancer types, including 1q32 (MDM4); 2q33 (CASP8-ALS2CR12); 3q28 (TP63); 4q24 (TET2); 5p15 (TERT-CLPTM1L); 6p21 (HLA complex); 7p1517; 8q2412; 11q1318; 17q12 (HNF1B); and 19q13 (MERIT40).
, recent studies have also tested previous associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with one cancer and other cancer types.
common genetic basis for different cancers has the potential to clarify carcinogenic mechanisms and to provide information for widely applicable risk assessments.
recently, researchers published a paper in the journal Nature Communications, reporting that they conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a comprehensive assessment of genetic and polymorphisms of 18 cancer types in two large, population-based queues.
two cohorts include the UK Biolibrary (408,786 individuals of European descent; 48,961 cancer cases) and Kaiser Permanente's Genetic Epidemiology Of Adult Health and Ageing Research Queue (66,526 individuals of European descent; 16,001 cancer cases).
a meta-analysis of UKB and GERA results, the researchers found a significant genome-wide association between 21 previously unrealed variants and cancer, P 5 x 10-8.
this includes 20 unique variants, one of which is associated with two types of cancer (rs78378222).
9 of the 21 associations were located in known susceptible regions of cancer of interest, but were independent of previously reported mutations (r2-lt;0.1).
the remaining 12 regions associated with individuals of European descent that were not associated with the cancer of interest.
14 of the 21 associations showed erration, i.e. the region in which the mutation was located was associated with at least one other type of cancer in previous assessments.
These 21 associated effects are estimated to have no material change (heterogeneous P>0.05/(number of stratizations and variations)) when strated by age, surveillance, epidemiology and final results planning (SEER) grade or SEER phase at the time of diagnosis.
survey of polymorphism identified 12 cancer pairs that showed positive or negative genetic correlations; 25 polymorphic places; and 100 independent polymorphic variants, many of which regulate elements and/or affect cross-tissue gene expression.
, the results demonstrate a wide range of polymorphisms and provide further understanding of the complex genetic structure of trans-cancer susceptibleness.
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