Nano-antibody: anti-tumor treatment of new forces, to help the new crown pneumonia treatment development has great potential for the new observation of the medicine.

Nearly 100 authoritative leaders of domestic bio innovative drugs have spoken, hundreds of leading Biopharmaceutical Enterprises have paid close attention to it. More than 1000 pharmaceutical peers have signed up to participate. Dozens of innovative drug technologies have been collectively unveiled. Four hot biomedical fields, including tumor immunity, new antibodies, stem cell regenerative medicine, and gene therapy, are focused on. 2020 bpit The biopharmaceutical innovation technology conference will be held in Nanjing International Youth Cultural Center. From July 19 to 21, 2020, we will pay tribute to the next golden decade of innovative drugs and witness the new goals and new mileage of Chinese innovative drugs! This article is originally created by medical Mecca, welcome to share, and reprinted with authorization. June 26, 2020 / emedclub news / - - a unique antibody consisting of only two heavy chains is naturally produced in the body of camel family animals (llama, alpaca and camel): HCAB, which contains only one heavy chain variable region (VHH), Variable domain of heavy chain antibiotic) and two conventional CH2 and CH3 regions.the VHH fragment of heavy chain antibody is different from that of conventional antibody. The CDR3 region of VHH is longer. However, the VHH structure cloned and expressed separately has the same structural stability as the original heavy chain antibody and the binding activity with antigen. It can exist in vitro stably and is the smallest unit that can bind the target antigen, so it is also called nanobody 。▲Nano antibody structure benefits from the small structure of nano antibody, complete antigen recognition ability and phage screening technology. Nano antibody shows high affinity, high specificity, strong penetrability and easy to transform and express. Due to the complete sequence of antibody, nano antibody can be expressed in vitro with high quality and stable production, which can effectively avoid the traditional antibody In addition, its immunogenicity (although non-human, but low immunogenicity) and toxicity are very low, and it is not as easy to adhere as scFv.compared with traditional antibodies, nanoantibodies have the advantages of small molecular weight, simple structure and high stability.due to the advantages of small molecular weight, nanoantibodies have many further characteristics, which make them show great potential in anti-tumor therapy: (1) more specific binding to target; (2) higher tissue penetration; (3) higher stability; (4) suitable for industrial mass production; (5) easier in vitro modification and optimization; (6) easier in human source In recent years, antibody drugs have made remarkable achievements in the field of tumor treatment, especially the advent of antibody drugs such as PD-1 and CTLA-4, and more and more cancer patients have more treatment options.however, the research and development of PD-1 is still insufficient. Limited indications and drug resistance limit its further application and development.looking for new and more effective antibodies or combining multiple drugs may expand the indications of existing drugs.nanoantibodies are considered to have great potential in anti-tumor therapy, and the development of various technologies around this therapeutic drug is also ongoing.nanoantibodies target tumors and track tumor metastasis. On May 6, 2019, researchers from the Koch Institute of integrated cancer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), published a research paper in the proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAs), describing a new method for targeting tumors and metastases. They tried to target extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in relatively small antibodies or derived from On the basis of Alpaca nano antibody, an immune reagent is developed; the nano antibody can penetrate into human tissue deeply, and can be removed from circulation system more quickly after treatment.ECM is a protein network surrounding normal cells and cancer cells, and is an important part of tumor cell microenvironment. Br / > it plays an important role in tumor growth and progression.unlike tumor cells themselves, these ECM proteins do not mutate during the development of cancer.this study shows that nanoantibodies can be used for imaging tracking of tumors and metastases, and this technology can also be used for the treatment of tumors or tumor metastases.in another paper also published on PNAs, researchers used this technology to develop car-t cells based on nano antibodies, aiming at targeting solid tumors, and also verified the effectiveness of the technology.recommended reading: PNAs: nano antibody from Alpaca helps car-t cells to treat solid tumors. Mai Meng discloses that nano antibody coding car-t is one of the leading enterprises in China that integrates car-t and nano antibody bottom technology. It has two platforms, nano antibody R & D and car-t R & D.the company invested in the establishment of Alpaca breeding and antibody immunization research and development base, built a completely independent nano antibody technology platform, independently mastered the whole line of nano antibody industrialization technology of antigen preparation, immune antigen, database establishment and screening, antibody production, reduced the production cost to 1 / 10 of ordinary antibody, reaching the quality control standard.the nano antibody platform can not only increase the size of car-t therapy, but also develop more perfect products by taking advantage of its advantages. It can also be used as an independent drug to form a nano antibody industry chain.in March this year, the company applied for clinical trial of bcma-car-t cells carrying humanized nano antibodies, which was intended to be used for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (R / R mm).at the ASCO annual meeting in 2019, prigin and Henan Cancer Hospital jointly released the latest clinical trial results entitled "clinical research results of bcma-cart carrying humanized nano antibody (nct03661554)", which was unanimously recognized by many experts and scholars.the efficacy and persistence data of car-t cells are exciting, and are expected to provide a new treatment for patients with R / R mm.recommended reading: BCMA car-t with humanized nano antibody was approved for clinical treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, and optimization of nano antibody administration mode A research article published in medicine magazine, this study optimized the delivery mode and route of nano antibody, and tried to realize the accurate release of nano antibody in tumor site by using engineered probiotics. This strategy makes drug delivery more local, stable and low-invasive.the researchers injected the tumor site of the transplanted tumor mice with a 1:1 mixture (slic-2) of bacteria expressing PD-L1 nanoantibody and CTLA-4 nanoantibody.the results showed that the inhibitory effect of single dose slic-2 on tumor growth was stronger than that of combination of PD-L1 and CTLA-4, and had lower immune related side effects, which showed that local and persistent expression of antibody led to better therapeutic effect and lower toxicity. The novel coronavirus pneumoniawas introduced in April 2020 by the Rosalind Franklin Institute, Rosalind Franklin. The researchers of British protein production company have isolated nano antibody, which is a kind of antibody that is in the research stage, and can be combined with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus.the team has provided these highly affinity bound nanoantibodies to the "spike" protein to researchers at Oxford University, who will make these important research tools widely available to other research groups around the world.nanoantibodies can use advanced imaging technologies including cryo em to stabilize the "spike" and achieve better imaging at the atomic level.nanoantibodies can also stabilize RBD binding to its target, thus helping researchers better understand the behavior of RBD in vivo and its interaction with new drugs.the team is also studying whether nanoantibodies identified or therapies derived from nanoantibodies can be used to create highly specific "blockers" to help treat covid-19 by preventing sars-cov-2 virus from binding to the virus.at the same time, nanoantibodies also have the potential to be used for diagnosis, which can create efficient and rapid tests.recommended reading: the UK research team has screened out nano antibodies against the new coronavirus, and is working with Oxford University to verify the neutralization ability. At present, the first approved nanoantibody drug, capacizumab, was developed by Ablynx (acquired by Sanofi for 3.9 billion euro in January 2018). Ablynx is a well-known pharmaceutical company that develops nanoantibodies in Belgium The company is a global leader in the field of technology.before the acquisition, Ablynx has been cooperating with the world's famous pharmaceutical giants, including ebbvir, bringer Ingelheim, Yiteng pharmaceutical, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Merck, Merck, Merck, Sanofi, Japan's Taizheng pharmaceutical, etc.so far, Ablynx has obtained 45 patents or cooperative patents in hematology, inflammation, immune oncology, respiratory diseases and other diseases, among which 8 nano antibodies have entered the clinical development stage.capacizumab was approved by the European Drug Administration (EMA) on August 31, 2018, becoming the world's first single domain antibody drug and the first drug specifically used for the treatment of attP (acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura). On February 6, 2019, the U.S. FDA also approved its marketing, with the trade name of cablivi? For the treatment of adult patients with attP. in addition, several nano antibodies have entered the clinical research stage, covering a variety of diseases, such as tumors, nervous system diseases, infectious diseases, skin diseases, immune system diseases and so on. at present, Chinese enterprises are also actively developing nano antibodies, such as Shenzhen guochuang nano Antibody Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou boshengji (Anke) Co., Ltd., Suzhou Kangning Jierui company, etc. among them, bosengji has developed CD7 nano antibody, which can accurately target and deliver bioactive drugs, showing good antitumor effect. Meanwhile, Corning Jierui announced to build a phage display and screening platform for nano antibody with Southeast University, and devote itself to the research of nano antibody. nanoantibodies are gradually becoming a new force in the new generation of therapeutic biomedicine and clinical diagnostic reagents. Compared with traditional antibodies, nanoantibodies can overcome the shortcomings of long development cycle, low stability and harsh preservation conditions. from July 19 to 21, 2020, bpit biopharmaceutical innovation technology conference will be held in Nanjing International Youth Culture Center, China. The conference will focus on four hot biomedical fields, including tumor immunity, new antibodies, stem cell regeneration medicine and gene therapy. at that time, we also invited technical experts and industry leaders in the field of nanoantibody to share their research and development progress and future