Multiple articles focus on the latest research results of adenovirus!

this article, the small editor compiled a number of important research results, jointly focus on the latest progress made by scientists in the field of adenovirus research, share to everyone!
Photo Source: Imperial College London . 1.
J Infect Dis: The study found that four new types of human adenovirus doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz489 in recent years, Singapore and Malaysia have experienced severe outbreaks of respiratory diseases in children and adults due to human adenovirus (HAdV) infection. However, scientists still do not know whether the outbreak is due to the emergence of new strains of the virus, or the "recurrence" of previously existing strains. In the first large-scale study of systematic identification of HAdV strains in Singapore, scientists from Duke University and the National University of Singapore School of Medicine found four new strains and found that two of them were associated with outbreaks of severe outbreaks.researchers collected clinical samples from 500 patients (paediatrics and adult patients) at two large public hospitals in Singapore and studied HAdV infection using genotyped algorithms, said Dr. Kristen Coleman of Duke University's Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) program in the United States, lead author of the study, Dr. Kristen Coleman, who said: "In an epidemic from 2012-2013, we detected four new Strains of HADV that were closely related to strains isolated from a baby patient. Our findings also show that over time, the proportion of HAdV 4 and 7 in the child patient population increased. Importantly, patients with weakened immune systems and those infected with HAdV 2, 4 or 7 are more likely to develop serious illnesses. "
Sci Adv: Cracking adenovirus "code" is expected to help develop new anti-cancer therapies doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3567 a recent study published in the international journal Science Advances, scientists from Cardiff University have revealed for the first time the molecular mechanism by which adenovirus type 26 is infected with human cells. . Ad26 is often used to develop an effective human vaccine, a virus of great interest to scientists; Ad26 is a human pathogen that causes severe respiratory distress and can lead to death in susceptible patients, as well as a potentially important component of the development of new vaccines to fight deadly diseases. The Ad26-based vaccine is currently being used in Africa to help fight the Ebola outbreak, but so far researchers do not know how the virus works inside the body and how it helps to develop an effective human vaccine.3(p)
PNAS: Human adenovirus's love of special sugars is expected to help develop new treatments for a variety of malignant cancers doi: 10.1073/pnas.17169001115a study published in the international journal PNAS, researchers from institutions such as Imperial College London, have studied a way to attack cells or develop a new type of cancer. Human adenovirus (HAdVs) is a very common microorganism that can cause eye infections, respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, etc.article, the researchers shed on the molecular mechanisms of the rare adenovirus HAdV-52 attacking cells; the researchers reveal how HAdV-52 binds to the special sugar-polyphonic acid on the surface of the host cell, which is common on the surface of brain cancer and lung cancer cells; the study could help them develop new cancer therapies based on the virus later in life, or use promising adenovirus to target cancer cells.adenoviruses can use fibrin to adsorption to the surface of the host cell, thus being able to enter the host cell and block the host cell's function to replicate the virus; we all know that the virus can attach itself to the surface of the host cell with a special protein, but the HAdV-52 virus appears to have a shorter fiber The protein, whose function is unknown, has been found in a new study that the short-chain protein may be specifically bound to polysalivaic acid, a carbohydrate present in the developing brain, but previous studies have shown that the sugar is present in a range of cancer tissue samples. , nat Commun,
: Scientists have successfully transformed adenoviruses and are expected to develop a variety of new cancer therapies! doi: 10.1038/s41467-02707-6 researchers from the University of Zurich have developed a new protein "shield" that hides the virus and protects the virus from being removed by the body, and then an adapter on the surface of the virus promotes the recombinant virus-specific infection
of
tumor cells in the international journal Nature.viruses have their own genetic material and can infect human cells in a special way that can use the resources of host cells to reproduce, giving them a special "gene shuttle" to fight off
genetic
diseases or cancers. At present there are many types of viruses, but human adenovirus type 5 has a huge advantage, under normal circumstances, the virus will only cause the symptoms of a standard cold, by carrying a useful gene artificial genome can completely replace the human adenovirus type 5 genome, when the absence of the original virus gene, the virus can not induce disease, in addition, adenovirus genome is very large, it can not be integrated into the human chromosome.
Sci Adv: Special adenovirus subtypes or targeted gene therapythat are expected to help develop treatments for a variety of diseases doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1602670 viruses seem to be very good at using human cells to make viral proteins for replication, which is why scientists have been using viruses to transport useful genes to humans to help with the absence of important enzymes. Researchers from the Scripps Institute recently uncovered a key structural detail, or the hope that the virus could be used as a better tool to help scientists develop new treatments for a variety of human diseases.the study, published in the international journal Science Advances, suggests that the unusually popular special structure of adenovirus may be
as a good gene transport
carrier, because it does not make it much easier to cause the virus to leave the liver, thereby greatly reducing its toxic effect on the liver;
Photo Source: Vijay Reddy. 6) Nat Commun,
: Scientists apply tumor adenovirus programming synthetic gene line to tumor immunotherapy doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12794-2 Recently, Tsinghua University and other researchers in Nature In an article entitled "Oncolytic adenovirus program d program by synthetic gene gene circuit for cancer immunotherapy", the article "Oncolytic adenovirus programme by synthetic gene circuit for cancer immunotherapy" has been used to program the fibroid virus, improve the specificity of the solution virus treatment, achieve the controlled and local expression of immune effects, and is expected to become a treatment strategy for a variety of cancers.the oncolytic virus is a type of tumor-killing virus that has the ability to replicate. By genetically modifying some of the less pathogenic viruses in nature to make a special tumor virus, the tumor cells are selectively infected by the inactivation or defects of the anti-cancer gene in the target cells, and in which they are copied and eventually destroyed. It also stimulates the immune response, attracting more immune cells to continue killing residual cancer cells. Unlike traditional drugs with clear pharmacokinetics and pharmacotoxicity, the results of tumor immunotherapy depend on the population dynamics and interactions of
tumor
cells, viruses and surrounding immune cells, and the difficulty of improving cancer-specific and immune response, as well as limited understanding of population dynamics, and how to improve the efficacy of tumor virus therapy remains challenging.
Hum Gene Ther: Adeno-related viruses target the liver for gene therapy doi: 10.1089/hum.2016.160adeno-associated virus (AAV)
vector
mediated liver-targeted gene therapy has entered the clinical human trial stage, such as for the treatment of haemophilia. A recent review published in the journal Human Gene Therapy describes how new technologies are promoting the application and challenges of AAV gene therapy in the treatment of liver disorders. In this article, "Adeno-Associated Virus Gene for Liver Disease," Lisa Kattenhorn, from Dimension Therapeutics, Cambridge, and others summed up the historical process of AAV-targeted liver gene therapy.They believe that preclinical and clinical studies have given us a better understanding of the body's immune response to AAV gene therapy. In addition, they also summarized the future trends and challenges of AAV gene therapy, including how to reuse AAV
gene therapy
, how to reduce its risk of cancer.
EMI: Progress in the development of new adenovirus
vectors
Ebola vaccine doi: 10.1038/s41426-018-0102-5 Ebola virus can cause severe haemorrhagic fever disease, with a very high fatality rate. The 2014 Ebola outbreak in Africa killed tens of thousands of people, and since April this year, the Congo region has had another Ebola outbreak, and there is a tendency to expand transmission, with vaccines becoming the most effective tool for ebola outbreak prevention and control. Feng Liqiang, a team at the Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed an Ebola virus vaccine virus virus serotype 2 vectored ebolavirus virus robusts anti-body and cell-media-mediadomememee wythain in mice and rhesus macaques.Ebola virus infects the body and quickly spreads to the body's tissues, destroys connective tissue, causes severe storms of inflammatory factors and apoptosis of the immune system, resulting in multiple organ failure and widespread bleeding. Studies have shown that the body is unable to produce a high-intensity immune response quickly in the early stages of infection, resulting in the body's inability to effectively control viral infections. Vaccines induce an effective immune response to the Ebola virus. Chinese scientists have developed an Ebola vaccine with type 5 adenovirus as a carrier, which induces high levels of body fluids and cellular immune response, and its protection has been validated in animal models and

clinical trials. But the complex and severe outbreak situation urgently needs to develop a variety of candidate vaccines to meet the needfor global public health security.
Oncotarget: Chinese scientists have made new progress in the study of new tumor adenovirus antidote doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.15845 recently published in the international journal Ontargetco, "A Novel Oncotic Adenovirus On Simian Adenovirus Sdemos 24" research report.in recent years, tumor adenovirus has become a hot spot in the field of tumor treatment because of its innovation and efficacy. Usually adenoviruses are carried by human type 5 adenovirus (AdHu5), but neutralizing antibodies against AdHu5 are common in the population, affecting their efficacy, and AdHu5's Hexon protein binds to the blood clotting factor X (FX), causing the adenovirus to accumulate in the liver and affect adHu5's
tumor
target. Therefore, the efficacy and targeting of adenoviruses need to be further improved and perfected. Since chimpanzee-type adenoviruses such as AdC7 are rarely prevalent in the population, there is generally no corresponding neutralizing antibodies in the population, will not be neutralized by antibodies against AdHu5, AdC7 Hexon protein is not associated with FX. Therefore, AdC7 can develop into an ideal platform for the carrier of tumor virus.10
Cancer Res: Adenoviruses can assist the immune system in the fight against cancer doi: 10.