Multiple articles focus on scientists' new findings in cancer biomarker research!

doi:10.1126/science.aaw3145 Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas that causes 275,000 hospitalizations in the United States each year.
patients with hereditary pancreatitis have a 40 to 50 percent lifetime risk of developing pancreatic cancer.
, a former postdoctoral fellow at cold spring harbor laboratory cancer center in the United States, was recently appointed assistant professor at the Shack Institute.
she studied the progression of pancreatitis to pancreatic cancer.
given the rise of a complex sugar antigen molecule called CA19-9 in pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer patients, she focused on a potentially powerful biomarker, a chemical structure produced by CA19-9.
Now, in a new study, Engle and her team provide the first evidence that CA19-9, a biomarker of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, actually causes pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, suggesting that blocking this complex sugar structure may prevent progression from pancreatitis to pancreatic cancer in the journal Science.
suggests that preventive interventions against pancreatitis may prevent high-risk patients from developing pancreatic cancer, said Engle.
in Tuveson's lab, Engle studied the properties of pancreatic cancer.
she noticed CA19-9, a complex sugar structure packed with many proteins, but had not previously been found to have any specific function.
the last step in controlling CA19-9 production in the human body, but this enzyme does not exist in rodents.
Engle produced CA19-9 mice and noted with surprising attention that they had severe pancreatitis.
Engle's results show that CA19-9 is an attractive target for pancreatitis treatment.
image Source: Wikipedia(6) PeerJ: Scientists identify a special biomarker doi:10.7717/peerj.5970 prostate cancer that is slow to grow and has little threat to patients, but it But rapid metastasis can cause severe pain and even death in patients, and so far researchers have been unsurer of what type of cancer patients develop in the early stages, according to a recent study published in the international journal PeerJ, which scientists from institutions such as the University of Buffalo have used to determine how to detect biomarkers of prostate cancer more effectively.
Prostate cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in people in developed countries, and researchers have previously clarified how metastatic prostate cancer can be identified using biomarkers called myosin IC isoform A, while researchers have found that biomarkers expressed only in metastatic prostate cancer cells may be important for cancer cell metastasis.
challenge in prostate cancer research is finding its specific biomarkers, which can help clinicians decide whether they need to continue looking at patients, said dr. Wilma A. Hofmann, a researcher at the University of Prostate Cancer.
(7) JPC: Scientists are expected to use tumor biomarkers to develop precision therapies for metastatic pancreatic cancer doi:10.1089/pancan.2019.0003 In a study published in the international journal Journal of Pancreatic Cancer, scientists from Georgetown University and other institutions said they could use tumor molecular markers or help select special chemotherapy agents to treat metastatic pancreatic cancer patients.
based on previous studies, researchers are currently conducting Phase II clinical trials using molecular biomarkers to guide patients' second-line treatment options.
researcher Michael Pishvaian said: 'We are currently conducting a preliminary trial of molecularly customized therapies for patients with metastatic pancreatic catheter adenocarcinoma, in which the researchers designed a composite therapy algorithm based on three established predictive markers for the response to chemotherapy, and then analyzed samples of tumor tissue from the participants' bodies to determine the presence of these biomarkers and to allow patients to receive two chemotherapy drugs that are most likely to cause the body's response.
, the researchers reported promising progression-free survival and overall survival in patients, with 28 percent partially responding and 50 percent stable after the study.
: New biomarkers for identifying cancer stem cells Promise to develop highly effective anti-cancer therapies doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51004- In the world of cancer biology, not all biomarkers are the same, and these molecules can alert doctors that abnormal processes in the patient's body may be under way and can occur in the form of a series of abnormal proteins, such as hormones, enzymes, or signaling molecules, which vary from person to person.
Because it's a mixture, no drug can effectively target it; in a recent study published in the international journal Scientific Reports, scientists from the University of Houston and others found a new biomarker in cancer stem cells that could direct the survival and spread of cancer, and the results could potentially help researchers develop new drugs to target cancer stem cells to inhibit cancer progression.
researcher Gomika Udugamasooriya said: 'We found this new biomarker in cancer stem cells called plectin, which may be a new target to help researchers develop available anti-cancer drugs; mesh protein is a special structural protein that is expressed primarily in cells, but whose susceptibility to tumor invasiveness and metastasis on the cell surface is directly related.
: Nat Commun: microRNA methylation or a powerful biomarker that indicates cancer, doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11826-1<!--/ewebeditor:page-><!--ewebeditor:title-"->, a recent issue of the International Journal In a study published in Nature Communications, scientists from Osaka University found a new way to distinguish between early pancreatic cancer patients and healthy people, which could help develop new methods for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer; molecular levels associated with genetic function, such as microRNA, are key indicators of cancer-related abnormal activity, but researchers aren't sure how different molecules are altered in cancer cells.
researchers say the rate of methylation in microRNA can effectively distinguish cancer patients from healthy individuals; microRNAs can exhibit abnormal expressions in cancer tissue and are stable in body fluids, so they can act as useful biomarkers to indicate cancer occurrence; although researchers can measure RNA expression levels microRNAs, however, lack the sensitivity and accuracy of technology, especially since microRNAs are based on the assumption that targets can be identified and regulated whether they are methylated or not, their role actually changes with the different methylation states, which researchers want to solve through research.
: Ring RNA is expected to act as a biomarker of cancer doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.12.021 With new technology allowing scientists to delve deeper into genomes and exon groups, a new class of called ring RNA (ci).