Metformin has a new effect

Pharma.com, Aug. 14 (Xinhua) -- The Journal of Oncology, Clinical Cancer Research, has published the results of a Phase II clinical study conducted by researchers from Shantou University and other institutions.
the paper, the sugar-lowering drug metformin may benefit patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by improving the immune microenceptic environment (TIME) in tumor lesions.
trial was designed in a Phase II clinical trial of low-dose metformin therapy (250 mg/day), the researchers analyzed matching pre- and post-treatment ESCC specimens to assess direct anti-ESCC activity.
follow-up studies using a carcinogen-induced ESCC mouse model were conducted using short-term (1 week) or long-term (12 weeks) low-dose metformin (50 mg / kg / day). The final results of
showed that low doses of metformin did not affect the proliferation and apoptosis of ESCC tumors compared to the control group, but there was a significant increase in B and T cells at the tumor site, a significant increase in tumor inhibition (CD11c plus) and macrophages, and a significant decrease in tumor-promoting macrophages (CD163 plus).
metformin enhances macrophage-mediated ESCC cell phagocytosphagy in-body.
researchers used in-body basic experiments and animal experiments to demonstrate that low doses of metformin were beneficial to TIME improvement and demonstrated their application prospects in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
the official website of the State Drug Administration to "metformin" as the key word search, a total of 310 drug approvals, involving hundreds of pharmaceutical companies.
it is understood that China is the world's largest number of diabetics, the ninth edition of the Global Diabetes Map shows that China currently has more than 116.4 million people with diabetes, most of whom are type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
metformin as the first and full course of treatment for type 2 diabetes, but also single-drug treatment and combined treatment of the drug of choice.
26 new role, is constantly excavating the data of the inner network, in 2019 in China's public medical institutions, physical pharmacies and other sales terminals total market size of more than 6 billion yuan, the market is also accompanied by great competition, not only the original research drugs and evaluation of generic drugs in the same competition, but also a large number of generic drug companies are still working in the market.
(Photo source: Mi net) but the ceiling of metformin is far from reaching: every once in a while, new research has been found: combined medication or treatment of triple-yin breast cancer; In addition, anti-aging, promote hair growth, help quit smoking, anti-fog haze and other roles have also attracted widespread attention in the industry.
To some extent, the therapeutic potential of metformin is being tapped, including progress to Phase II clinical trials, if the future can be approved for new adaptations, will exceed 6 billion sales of metformin, to achieve a new round of market volume.
1, weight loss effect metformin is a sugar-lowering drug that can lose weight.
it increases insulin sensitivity and reduces fat synthesis.
for many type 2 sugar friends, weight loss is itself a matter of stable blood sugar control.
study by the U.S. Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) research team showed that patients treated with metformin lost an average of 3.1 kg over a seven- to eight-year period in non-blind studies.
2, anti-aging effects, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is approved "with metformin against aging" clinical trials, foreign scientists may be metformin as an anti-aging candidate drug, probably because metformin can increase the number of oxygen molecules released into cells, in a reasonable sense, it seems to increase the body's robustness and extend life.
3, reversing the biological age of the international scientific and technological journal Nature published a heavy news.
a small clinical study in California has shown for the first time that reversing the body's overt genetic clock is possible, according to a new report.
in the past year, nine healthy volunteers took a mixture of growth hormone and two diabetes drugs, including metformin.
by analyzing markers on a person's genome, their biological age fell by an average of 2.5 years.
4. A team led by Professor Scott Buddinger of Northwestern University in the United States confirmed in mice that metformin can prevent inflammation caused by haze, prevent immune cells from releasing a dangerous molecule into the bloodstream, and inhibit the formation of arterial thrombosis, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
5, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, who helped quit smoking, found that long-term nicotine use led to activation of the AMPK signaling path, which is suppressed when nicotine is interrupted.
they concluded that activating the AMPK signaling pathr with the drug might ease the withdrawal response.
metformin is an AMPK agitant.
when researchers used metformin in mice that produced nicotine withdrawal, they found that this eased the withdrawal response in mice.
their research shows that metformin can be used to help quit smoking.
6. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that metformin not only improves chronic inflammation by improving metabolic parameters such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and abnormal lipids that cause atherosclerosis, but also has direct anti-inflammatory effects.
studies have noted that metformin inhibits inflammatory responses, mainly by suppressing nuclear transcription factor B (NFB) by AMP-active protein kinase (AMPK) - dependent or non-dependent.
7, can promote hair growth, the treatment of hair loss UCLA Chinese scientist Huang Jing team found that metformin, repamycin and other drugs, can stimulate mice to rest hair follicles into growth, promote hair growth, related research published in the well-known academic journal Cell Report.
, scientists have also observed a decrease in hair loss when treating patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in China and India with metformin.
, different studies have shown that metformin has also been found in a number of diseases that affect women's health.
8. Reducing the risk of miscarriage and premature birth in a particular pregnant woman may reduce the risk of miscarriage or preterm birth in a particular pregnant woman, according to a study published in the Lancet.
Scientists from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and St. Olavs Hospital have reportedly conducted a nearly 20-year study that found that taking metformin at the end of three months of pregnancy may reduce the risk of late miscarriage and preterm birth.
9. Improving polycystic ovary syndrome polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneic disease characterized by astromonalemia, ovarian dysfunction and polycystic ovary morphology.
studies have shown that metformin improves asosteroidemia by reducing insulin resistance, restoring its ovulation function.
10, a team led by Dr. Marsha Rich Rosner of the University of Chicago, who can treat triple-yin breast cancer, found that metformin, in association with another older drug, panhematin, could target the treatment of triple-yin breast cancer, which seriously threatens women's health.
and evidence suggests that this treatment strategy may be effective for a variety of cancers, including lung, kidney, uterine, prostate and acute myeloid leukemia, according to research published in the top journal Nature.
11, the cardiovascular protective effect of metformin has cardiovascular protection, is currently the only diabetes guidelines recommended for clear evidence of cardiovascular benefits of sugar-lowering drugs.
studies have shown that long-term treatment of metformin is significantly associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes and those with type 2 diabetes who have developed cardiovascular disease.
12, improving the intestinal bacteria studies have shown that metformin can restore the proportion of the intestinal bacteria, so that it is in a health-friendly direction.
provide an advantageous living environment for gut beneficial bacteria, thus lowering blood sugar and positively regulating the immune system.
13, promising to treat some forms of autism recently, researchers at McGill University found that metformin can treat certain forms of autism with brittle X syndrome, and the innovative study was published in the journal Nature Mediaine.
, autism is one of many medical conditions that scientists believe can be treated with metformin.
14. Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, reversing pulmonary fibrosis, found that in patients with human idebic pulmonary fibrosis and in mouse pulmonary fibrosis models induced by bolemycin, the activity of ampk in fibrosis tissue decreased and the number of myofibrosis cells in tissues that resist apoptosis increased.
activate AMPK with metformin in myoform fibroblasts to re-sensitive these cells to apoptosis.
and metformin in mouse models can accelerate the ablation of fibrosis tissue that has already been produced.
study suggests that metformin or other AMPK astrists can be used to reverse fibrosis that has already occurred.
at the University of Texas at Dallas, Texas, created a mouse model that simulates pain-related cognitive impairment.
used the model to test the efficacy of a variety of drugs.
results showed that treating mice with metformin at 200 mg/kg body weight for 7 days completely reversed cognitive impairment caused by pain.
treatment for nerve pain and epilepsy is not.
means that metformin can be used in new medicines to treat cognitive impairment in patients with nerve pain.
16th, before the suppression of tumor growth, according to Singist.com news, the European Institute of Oncology scholars found that metformin and fasting can work together to inhibit the growth of tumors in mice.
further studies have found that metformin and fasting inhibit tumor growth through the PP2A-GSK3 beta-MCL-1 path, the study was published in Cancer Cell.
17. Dr. Yu-Yen Chen of Rongmin General Hospital in Taichun, Taiwan, China, recently found that age-related macular degeneration (AMD) was significantly lower in people with type 2 diabetes who took metformin.
shows that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of metformin have a protective effect on AMD while controlling diabetes.
18, or can reduce adverse glucosticogen reactions Recently, The Lancet - Diabetes and Endocrinology published a study - the results of a phase 2 clinical trial, metformin for patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, can improve metabolic health, reduce the serious side effects of glucosin therapy.
have been suggested that metformin may work through the key metabolic protein AMPK, and contrary to the mechanism of action of glucoticoids, there is potential to reverse the side effects of heavy use of glucosal hormones.
19. Before the promising treatment of multiple sclerosis, a team led by Robin J.M. Franklin of the University of Cambridge and his disciple Peter van Wijngaarden, published in the top journal Cell Stem Cells, said they found a special class of aging neural stem cells that, after treatment with metformin, can restore response to differentiation signals, re-energize young states and further promote the regeneration of nerve myelin.
this finding means that metformin is expected to be used to treat irreversible neurodegenerative-related diseases, such as multiple sclerosis.
20, promising to improve the risk of kidney failure and kidney disease death drug Mingkang content team medical new view point announced that 10,000 people have shown that metformin may improve the risk of kidney failure and kidney disease death.
A study published in Diabetes Care, a journal of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), showed that drug use and survival analysis of more than 10,000 people showed that type 2 diabetes patients with a combination of chronic kidney disease (CKD) took metformin, which was associated with a reduced risk of death and end-stage nephropathy (ESRD) and did not increase the risk of lactic acidosis.
although metformin has so many exciting findings, but the drug tri-toxic, we do not buy their own medicine to take, to be used under the guidance of a physician.
21. To protect the stomach and reduce the risk of stomach cancer Recently, cell Stem Cell, a sub-issue of cell, the world's top scientific journal, updated its latest study on metformin: metformin regulates the metabolism of stem cells in the stomach, causing them to differentiate into stomach wall cells that produce stomach acid.
studies have shown that AMPK metabolic path paths promote stem cells to produce wall cells that secrete acid, and that metformin slows progenuity by activating AMPK and KLF4, as well as by activating AMPK and PDC1a to induce wall cell maturation, which provides a potential hint as to why metformin increases acid secretion and reduces a person's risk of stomach cancer.
addition, a 2018 study showed that the use of metformin reduced the risk of stomach cancer by 51% in diabetic patients who had helicobacter pylus eradicated by a sustained and dose response.
22, preoperative use, reduce patient mortality According to the drug Mingkangde's account medical new point of view news, a recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association - Surgery found that the classic sugar-lowering drug metformin in addition to blood sugar control another benefit: preoperative use of metformin, may be associated with diabetics postoperative mortality and risk of hospitalization.
23, extending the survival time of patients with advanced bowel cancer with KRAS mutation, according to Singularity.com, a team of Chinese scientists, Sun Yat-sen Medical College Gao Guoquan, published important research results in the prestigious journal PNAS.
they analyzed treatment data from thousands of patients with advanced bowel cancer and found that in patients with advanced bowel cancer with KRAS mutations, the total survival time of bowel cancer patients who took metformin-lowering drugs was 37.8 months longer and the medium progression-free survival time (mPFS) was 8.1 months longer than in other types of sugar-lowering drugs.
24, Cancer Prevention and Stroke Trends According to Medical New Perspectives, the 80th Scientific Meeting of the American Diabetes Association (2020ADA Annual Meeting).