Many articles reveal the mystery of human brain memory!

In this paper, the editor has compiled many important research results published by scientists, and jointly interpreted the mystery of human brain memory, and shared them with you! Photo source: Wikipedia, CC by-sa [1] Science: scientists have revealed that microglia plays a key role in memory regulation doi: 10.1126/science.aaz2288 microglia are the resident immune cells in the brain, they are the first responders, always looking for the place where the error occurs They make up about 10% of our brain cells In the past, they were thought to be passive bystanders in the brain, working only when injured or infected These cells were first observed by Rudolf Virchow, a German doctor, in 1856 They were later called microglia, meaning "little glue" Now, in a new study of mice, researchers from the medical school of Zhejiang University in China have found that microglia may actually be a key factor in memory retention If the same effect is found in humans, it could lead to better treatments for amnesia, Alzheimer's and other memory impairing diseases The results were published in the February 7, 2020 issue of science Microglia have many functions When there is injury or infection, they play a positive role in inhibiting brain response But scientists are increasingly aware that microglia have many functions Our brains are a mixture of dead cells and accumulated chemicals that need to be removed The task of microglia is to keep our brain clean and healthy 【2】 Cell Rep: uncovering the molecular mechanism of brain evoking memory doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.053 recently, an international journal Cell In the report, scientists from Florida International University uncovered the mechanism of how the brain recollects memory in the right order through research; the relevant research results are expected to help understand the mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and other diseases affecting brain memory, and at the same time help to develop new therapies for such diseases When we finish tasks or recall with our family, it is a very important skill to recall the brain memory in the right order However, it is still one of the mysteries of how the brain works today In this paper, the researchers analyzed the roles of different parts of the brain and how to retrieve and remember them in a certain order The researchers trained rats to remember the order of odors, then scrambled the order of these odors, and ordered the rats to sequence these odors If the order of the rats was correct, they would be rewarded - water 【3】 Nat commun: machine learning helps to reveal the formation mechanism of brain memory doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12841-y recently, researchers at the National University of Singapore (NUS) discovered the key to short-term memory coding in the brain, and made a breakthrough in the field of cognitive computing neuroscience Camilo libedinsky, assistant professor of psychology at the National University of Singapore, and Shih Cheng Yen, senior lecturer of innovation and design program at the National University of Singapore, found that the neural population in the frontal lobe of the brain contains stable short-term memory information in the dynamic changes of neural activities This finding may have a profound impact on understanding how an organism uses a finite size brain to perform a variety of psychological operations (such as memory, attention and decision-making) at the same time The results of this study were recently published in the journal Nature communications In human brain, frontal lobe plays an important role in processing short-term memory The ability of short-term memory to store information is very low "It usually only holds 6 to 8 items For example, our ability to remember phone numbers in seconds - using short-term memory, "explains libendisky 【4】 Eneuro: brain circuit that helps memory to be generated during sleep doi: 10.1523/eneuro.0365-19.2019 recently, neuroscientists from the University of Alberta found a new mechanism that can help people build memory during deep sleep The study centers on the role of the commissural nucleus, which connects two other brain structures responsible for memory production - the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus - and may coordinate their activities during slow wave sleep The researchers said that the slow waves in sleep are beneficial to the generation of personal experience related memory, which may be due to the coordinated activities of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus We find that the conjunction core is responsible for coordinating the synchronous slow waves between the two structures This means that the structure may play an important role in the integration of sleep dependent events 【5】 Science subjournal: even well controlled epilepsy can interfere with human thinking and memory doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax7830 In a new study, researchers from Stanford University School of medicine may help explain why even those who benefit from drugs to treat epilepsy often continue to experience difficulties in thinking, perception and clear memory The reason is that the pathological buzz of EEG activity interferes with the normal activity of brain Some drugs or implants could be improved to reduce these cognitive deficits, the researchers said, with the results published in the journal Science Translational Medicine This kind of electrical interference has important consequences To study this, the researchers tested the ability of six patients with sensors implanted in the brain to solve certain types of problems during periods when this pathological electrical activity conflicts with the normal response of the patient's brain This pathological electrical activity, called high frequency oscillation (HFO), is related to seizures Researchers say HFO cannot be detected with the naked eye, even in the eyes of trained neuroscientists Photo source: www.pixabay.com [6] Science: new discovery! How are our brain memories stored during sleep? Doi: 10.1126/science.aay0616 recently, scientists from the interdisciplinary research center of biology, French Academy of France, have shown that the trigonometric waves generated by our brain during sleep do not become silent with the rest of the cortex, on the contrary, they will help the formation of long-term memory by isolating a specific cluster of neurons The results were published in science on October 18, 2019 When we sleep, the hippocampus spontaneously activates itself by generating signals similar to when we are awake First it sends information to the cortex, which then responds The last is usually followed by a period of silence, so the brainwave is called "triangle wave" Then there's the rhythmic repetition of what's known as the "sleep spindle." These processes are the key to signal reorganization in cortex to form stable memory However, the role of trigonometry in the formation of new memory is still puzzling: why does silence interrupt the information exchange between hippocampus and cortex and the functional reorganization of cortex? 【7】 Nat Neurosci: revealing the key role of brain circuits in improving learning and memory doi: 10.1038/s41593-019-0496-y recently, an international journal Nature In the Research Report on neuroscience, scientists from the University of California identified a new type of neural circuit during the formation of horse body in the big brain, which plays a very important role in target-based learning and memory The loss of object position memory is one of the main obstacles for Alzheimer's disease patients Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common dementia in the elderly These new findings in the hippocampal circuit mechanism may provide researchers with a new target to help develop new strategies or therapies to effectively reduce or neutralize Alzheimer's disease-related memory impairment According to researcher Xiangmin Xu, our research is to detect the connectivity between different structures through new methods based on virus genetic map, and these new mapping tools can help us identify the new circuits in and between the sea horse body and the cerebral cortex 【8】 Science heavyweight: how does memory form and fade? Doi: 10.1126/science.aav9199 why can you remember the names of childhood friends you haven't seen for many years, but easily forget the names of people you just met? In other words, why do some memories stay stable for decades while others disappear in minutes? Using a mouse model, Caltech researchers now determine that powerful, stable memories are encoded by neurons "teams" that activate synchronously, providing redundancy so that these memories can last for a period of time The study is important for understanding how memory might be affected after brain damage, such as stroke or Alzheimer's disease The team developed a test to test the neural activity of mice in learning and remembering a new place In the experiment, a mouse was placed in a straight cage, about five feet long, with a white wall Unique symbols mark different locations along the wall - for example, a plus sign near the far right end and a slash near the center Sugar water (rat food) was placed at both ends of the track As the mice explored, the researchers measured the activity of specific neurons in the hippocampus, the area of the brain that makes new memories, known to encode location related information 【9】 Science: brain signal regulated working memory doi: 10.1126/science.aax0758 recently, a research report published in the international journal Science showed that researchers can improve short-term memory of rats by persisting certain types of brain patterns for longer time The new study found that when an individual learns a new environment, the signals produced by brain cells (neurons) can be extended by tens of milliseconds, and more information can be captured than when they are familiar with the environment When the team artificially doubled the length of the signals involved in the related memory of the rats' best path through the maze, they found that rats with prolonged "signals" were 10-15% more likely to achieve the goal than those with control rats Our research is the first one in my field to manually manipulate the firing patterns of the internal neurons in the hippocampus "After decades of research, we finally have a thorough understanding of the mammalian brain, enough to change some of its mechanisms, so as to guide the future treatment of diseases affecting memory," the authors said 【10】 Cerebral cortex: scientists have revealed the molecular mechanism of olfactory system affecting brain memory doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhhz077 At present, researchers don't know how sensory perception in the brain affects the learning and memory process of the body Recently, an international journal was published in cerebral In the Research Report on cortex, scientists from Bohong University clarified the molecular mechanism that odor processing affects brain memory center through research Researchers found that pear cortex, an important part of smell brain, has a direct impact on information storage process in hippocampus In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of odor affecting brain memory formation, the researchers conducted artificial recognition of odor by studying the brain of induced rats In this paper, the researchers used electric pulses to stimulate the brain of rats