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When healthy, the immune system is usually dormant in the lungs
Shortly after the COVID-19 pandemic began, there were some anecdotal reports that previously healthy people had persistent symptoms and were not fully recovering
Viruses that cause respiratory illnesses such as the flu and COVID-19 can cause mild to severe symptoms
The University of Virginia studies how the immune system sometimes goes wrong after fighting a viral infection
People with long COVID-19 may experience persistent respiratory, cognitive, and neurologic symptoms
Health and disease of the lungs
In order for your lungs to work optimally, it is crucial that your immune system remains dormant when there is no active infection
There are many names for post-COVID-19 symptoms, including: long COVID-19, chronic COVID-19, acute post-COVID-19, long-term effects of COVID-19, acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection (PASC), and long-term COVID-19
Your airways are in constant contact with the outside world, inhaling about 5-8 liters (1.
However, during an active infection, the immune system is absolutely necessary
An overactive immune system, such as asthma, can damage the lungs
Over the past decade, scientists have discovered a variety of special stem cells in the lungs that can help damaged tissue regenerate
While the cause is unknown, some people are unable to shut down their immune systems after infection and continue to produce tissue-destroying molecules
So far, researchers have identified a specific type of immune cell, killer T cells, as potential contributors
During active infection, killer T cells are essential
A large number of immune cells work together to clear out invading pathogens
Another type of immune cell, called monocytes, is also involved in fighting respiratory infections, becoming first responders by producing viral and tissue-damaging cytokines
Understanding the long-standing immune mechanisms of COVID-19 is the first step
in addressing rapidly worsening public health problems.
Identifying subtle differences in how protecting your immune cells later become harmful during an active infection can help diagnose prolonged COVID-19
.
In addition, according to the findings, treatment against the immune system may be an effective way
to manage the long symptoms of COVID-19.
This strategy may be useful not only for COVID-19, but also for other respiratory viral infections that cause chronic disease
.
The author is Harish Narasimhan, a Ph.
D.
candidate in
immunology at the University of Virginia.
