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At present, highly pathogenic avian influenza is endemic worldwide, and the epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza in some countries is significantly expanding, and the situation is complicated
.
China is in the season of high incidence of highly pathogenic avian influenza in autumn and winter, and the pressure of prevention and control is great
.
In view of the current epidemic situation of highly pathogenic avian influenza and the difficulties in prevention and control, farmers should strengthen the following key prevention and control measures
.
.
China is in the season of high incidence of highly pathogenic avian influenza in autumn and winter, and the pressure of prevention and control is great
.
In view of the current epidemic situation of highly pathogenic avian influenza and the difficulties in prevention and control, farmers should strengthen the following key prevention and control measures
.
First, detailed inspection
.
Increase the frequency of inspections, understand the condition of poultry, find problems in time, and quickly deal with them
.
Check the feed surplus of the trough and barrel to determine whether the poultry has abnormal conditions
such as reduced feed intake.
Check the water dispenser to determine whether the poultry drinking water is normal
.
Check whether the poultry manure is normal, whether there is loose stool, green stool, bloody stool, etc
.
Check the state of the poultry, whether there are abnormal breathing rate and breathing posture, whether there is depression, lethargy, redness of the conjunctiva of the eye, twisting the neck, turning in circles in place and other abnormal states
.
Check for an unusual increase in mortality in the flock and a sudden decrease in egg production in
the flock.
If abnormal poultry is found, isolation measures should be taken immediately, sampling and testing, and corresponding prevention and control measures
should be taken according to the diagnosis results.
.
Increase the frequency of inspections, understand the condition of poultry, find problems in time, and quickly deal with them
.
Check the feed surplus of the trough and barrel to determine whether the poultry has abnormal conditions
such as reduced feed intake.
Check the water dispenser to determine whether the poultry drinking water is normal
.
Check whether the poultry manure is normal, whether there is loose stool, green stool, bloody stool, etc
.
Check the state of the poultry, whether there are abnormal breathing rate and breathing posture, whether there is depression, lethargy, redness of the conjunctiva of the eye, twisting the neck, turning in circles in place and other abnormal states
.
Check for an unusual increase in mortality in the flock and a sudden decrease in egg production in
the flock.
If abnormal poultry is found, isolation measures should be taken immediately, sampling and testing, and corresponding prevention and control measures
should be taken according to the diagnosis results.
The second is strict immunity
.
For poultry in different feeding cycles, formulate scientific and reasonable immunization procedures to ensure that basic immunization is perfect and timely supplemented
.
It is necessary to select qualified avian influenza vaccines produced by state-approved vaccine factories for vaccination to ensure the immune effect
.
The vaccine should be stored and used in strict accordance with the method specified in the instructions, and attention should be paid to aseptic operation during injection to prevent cross-infection
.
After immunization, the antibody level should be monitored, and according to the antibody level, timely supplementation should be made up to ensure that the herd immunity is qualified
.
It is necessary to pay attention to the risk of surrounding epidemics and the migration of migratory birds, and if necessary, carry out flock-wide booster immunization
.
.
For poultry in different feeding cycles, formulate scientific and reasonable immunization procedures to ensure that basic immunization is perfect and timely supplemented
.
It is necessary to select qualified avian influenza vaccines produced by state-approved vaccine factories for vaccination to ensure the immune effect
.
The vaccine should be stored and used in strict accordance with the method specified in the instructions, and attention should be paid to aseptic operation during injection to prevent cross-infection
.
After immunization, the antibody level should be monitored, and according to the antibody level, timely supplementation should be made up to ensure that the herd immunity is qualified
.
It is necessary to pay attention to the risk of surrounding epidemics and the migration of migratory birds, and if necessary, carry out flock-wide booster immunization
.
The third is to prevent wild birds
.
Install bird nets or bird repellent equipment, open and semi-open installation around the poultry house, and closed bird houses are installed at vents, doors and windows to prevent wild birds from coming into contact
with poultry.
Waterfowl farmers avoid stocking in open waters such as migratory bird habitats, reduce the chance of domestic waterfowl coming into contact with migratory birds and their secretions, excreta and feathers, and reduce the risk of
epidemic transmission.
Stocking poultry should be controlled by means of purse seine nets, etc.
, and anti-bird nets can be added above the fence to avoid stocking in wild poultry
habitats if conditions permit.
.
Install bird nets or bird repellent equipment, open and semi-open installation around the poultry house, and closed bird houses are installed at vents, doors and windows to prevent wild birds from coming into contact
with poultry.
Waterfowl farmers avoid stocking in open waters such as migratory bird habitats, reduce the chance of domestic waterfowl coming into contact with migratory birds and their secretions, excreta and feathers, and reduce the risk of
epidemic transmission.
Stocking poultry should be controlled by means of purse seine nets, etc.
, and anti-bird nets can be added above the fence to avoid stocking in wild poultry
habitats if conditions permit.
Fourth, frequent disinfection
.
In autumn and winter, the temperature is low and the disinfection effect decreases, so it is necessary to try to select high-efficiency disinfectants to ensure the concentration of disinfectants, and comprehensively clean and disinfect key links such as poultry houses, people, vehicles, materials, and
the environment.
The selection of poultry disinfection is carried out during the day when the temperature is high, the use of less irritating, odorless disinfectants, different components of disinfectants to be used in turn, disinfection frequency once every 1-2 days is appropriate
.
.
In autumn and winter, the temperature is low and the disinfection effect decreases, so it is necessary to try to select high-efficiency disinfectants to ensure the concentration of disinfectants, and comprehensively clean and disinfect key links such as poultry houses, people, vehicles, materials, and
the environment.
The selection of poultry disinfection is carried out during the day when the temperature is high, the use of less irritating, odorless disinfectants, different components of disinfectants to be used in turn, disinfection frequency once every 1-2 days is appropriate
.
Fifth, keep warm
.
In autumn and winter, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the house is large, and the airtightness and heat preservation of the poultry house should be ensured
.
The gap between the walls and the roof of the poultry house should be sealed measures, and the insulation layer can be added to the poultry house with plastic sheeting or linoleum paper, and the high ceiling can be lifted with thermal insulation layer, and the hot blast stove or radiator
can be installed in the house if conditions permit.
Pay attention to the thickness of the litter, maintain it at 5~10 cm, and do a good job of cleaning up the wet and lumpy litter
.
.
In autumn and winter, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the house is large, and the airtightness and heat preservation of the poultry house should be ensured
.
The gap between the walls and the roof of the poultry house should be sealed measures, and the insulation layer can be added to the poultry house with plastic sheeting or linoleum paper, and the high ceiling can be lifted with thermal insulation layer, and the hot blast stove or radiator
can be installed in the house if conditions permit.
Pay attention to the thickness of the litter, maintain it at 5~10 cm, and do a good job of cleaning up the wet and lumpy litter
.
Sixth, suitable ventilation
.
The ventilation volume
can be gradually increased and decreased according to the rise and fall of the temperature.
Moderate ventilation is carried out during periods of high temperatures around noon, and minimum ventilation is appropriate
during the cold period from late night to morning before the sun rises.
In autumn at night and during periods when temperatures are low in winter, intermittent ventilation can be used to ensure the air change and temperature stability
of the poultry house.
It is necessary to gradually increase ventilation to prevent the air cooling effect and a significant drop in humidity from cooling poultry
.
.
The ventilation volume
can be gradually increased and decreased according to the rise and fall of the temperature.
Moderate ventilation is carried out during periods of high temperatures around noon, and minimum ventilation is appropriate
during the cold period from late night to morning before the sun rises.
In autumn at night and during periods when temperatures are low in winter, intermittent ventilation can be used to ensure the air change and temperature stability
of the poultry house.
It is necessary to gradually increase ventilation to prevent the air cooling effect and a significant drop in humidity from cooling poultry
.
The seventh is intensive breeding
.
Ensure sufficient feed supply, comprehensive and balanced nutrition, pay attention to the appropriate proportion of protein, and appropriately increase high-energy feed
containing more starch and sugar.
Ensure that the feed ingredients used are free of mildew and impurities
.
.
Ensure sufficient feed supply, comprehensive and balanced nutrition, pay attention to the appropriate proportion of protein, and appropriately increase high-energy feed
containing more starch and sugar.
Ensure that the feed ingredients used are free of mildew and impurities
.
Eighth, strong emergency response
.
Before winter, carry out a comprehensive inspection and repair of the poultry house, fill the cracks in the walls, replace the door and window glass, and prepare the film and grass curtains for use in winter
.
The semi-open poultry house should dismantle the pergola in time, install the bracket and seal the plastic film
.
For old poultry houses with hidden dangers, reinforcement and repair such as support columns should be added to prevent collapse
.
In case of extreme weather such as blizzard and strong wind, check whether there is leakage or collapse on the top, wall and ground of poultry houses, warehouses and other areas in time
.
Pay attention to the feed towers and feed depots to prevent feed mildew
due to rain and snow leakage or damage to buildings.
To comprehensively inspect infrastructure such as water and electricity, it is necessary to especially strengthen the maintenance and inspection of electrical circuits to prevent electricity leakage or fire
.
.
Before winter, carry out a comprehensive inspection and repair of the poultry house, fill the cracks in the walls, replace the door and window glass, and prepare the film and grass curtains for use in winter
.
The semi-open poultry house should dismantle the pergola in time, install the bracket and seal the plastic film
.
For old poultry houses with hidden dangers, reinforcement and repair such as support columns should be added to prevent collapse
.
In case of extreme weather such as blizzard and strong wind, check whether there is leakage or collapse on the top, wall and ground of poultry houses, warehouses and other areas in time
.
Pay attention to the feed towers and feed depots to prevent feed mildew
due to rain and snow leakage or damage to buildings.
To comprehensively inspect infrastructure such as water and electricity, it is necessary to especially strengthen the maintenance and inspection of electrical circuits to prevent electricity leakage or fire
.
Nine is strict handling
.
In the event of a highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic, it is necessary to immediately report to the local agricultural and rural (animal husbandry and veterinary) department or animal disease prevention and control agency, and avoid the movement
of poultry and its products, feed and bedding, waste, vehicles, related facilities and equipment, etc.
Carry out harmless treatment
of all sick and dead birds, culled poultry and their products, excreta, contaminated or potentially contaminated feed and bedding, sewage, etc.
Thoroughly clean and disinfect
contaminated or potentially contaminated items, vehicles, utensils, poultry houses, site environment, etc.
.
In the event of a highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic, it is necessary to immediately report to the local agricultural and rural (animal husbandry and veterinary) department or animal disease prevention and control agency, and avoid the movement
of poultry and its products, feed and bedding, waste, vehicles, related facilities and equipment, etc.
Carry out harmless treatment
of all sick and dead birds, culled poultry and their products, excreta, contaminated or potentially contaminated feed and bedding, sewage, etc.
Thoroughly clean and disinfect
contaminated or potentially contaminated items, vehicles, utensils, poultry houses, site environment, etc.
China Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention
National Expert Committee on Animal Epidemic Prevention
October 11, 2022
