JAMA Psychiatry: Are elevated insulin levels and BMI trends associated with depression and psychosis in adulthood?

Heart metabolic disorders usually occur in combination with depression and schizophrenia, leading to a decline in quality of life, increased medical costs and reduced life expectancy, which have traditionally been attributed to chronic lifestyle factors such as lack of exercise or smoking) or adverse effects of psychotherapy.
, however, meta-analysis showed a change in glucose-insulin stabilization in relatively young, drug-deficiency first-time psychopaths.
, population-based longitudinal studies have shown a two-way association between depression and cardiovascular disease.
evidence suggests that heart metabolism and mental illness may have common pathophysiological mechanisms.
, however, two key issues remain.
, existing studies mainly include cases of general depression or psychosis, so the correlation between cardiac metabolism and mental esophpathy cannot be properly tested.
, most longitudinal studies include one-time measurements of heart metabolism index, ignoring the dynamic time changes of these markers.
longitudinal repetition of measurements can provide a more reliable mechanism for measuring potential steady states and can identify subpopulations of population.
currently, no studies have been conducted to see if levels of air-abdominal blood insulin (FI) and BMI tracks in childhood were associated with adult psychosis and depression.
A new study published recently in JAMA Psychiatry explores these issues, using data from alSPAC birth queues to analyze (1) the longitudinal trajectory of FI levels and BMI based on repeated measurements of individuals aged 1-24, (2) the characteristics of the identified trajectories, and (3) the correlation between mental illness and depression risk at age 24 by sex in the total sample.
hypothesized that changes in metabolic development of the heart in childhood were associated with an increased risk of depression and psychosis in adulthood.
ALSPAC is a forward-looking cohort study that includes 14,975 population-representative UK queues using data from participants aged 1 to 24.
body mass index and FI level data were used to grow hybrid models to map developmental trajectories and assess relationships with mental illness and depression.
the study was conducted between 15 July 2019 and 24 March 2020.
measured insulin levels on an empty stomach at age 9, 15, 18 and 24, and BMI at age 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18 and 24.
The study looked at data such as gender, race/ethnicity, social class of fathers, children's emotional and behavioural problems, cumulative scores for sleep problems, average calorie intake, physical activity, smoking, alcohol and substance use as potential confuse factors.
assess the risk of mental illness at age 24 (clear psychiatric experience, mental disorders, dangerous mental state and negative symptom scores) and depression risk (measured using a computer-revised clinical interview schedule).
results showed that based on FI-level data from 5,790 participants (3,132 women) and BMI data from 10,463 participants (5,336 women), three different tracks were found, and five different trajectories were distinguished in the middle of the child.
high FI-level trajectory and psychotic dangerous mental state (adjusting advantage ratio of s.aOR, 5.01; 95% CI, 1.76-13.19) and mental disorders (aOR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.11-9.90) related, not depression (aOR, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.75 - -2.54).
increase in BMI at the beginning of puberty is mainly associated with depressive evidence (aOR, 4.46; 95% CI, 2.38-9.87), not mental illness (aOR, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.56 - -7.79).
In the ALSPAC longitudinal study, researchers on the relationship between insulin levels and body mass index tracks on an empty stomach were associated with psychosis and depression outcomes at age 24 and an insulin level trajectory at 9 to 24 years of age, and BMI tracks at age 1 to 24 did not find consistent evidence of a F-level track associated with depression or BMI trajectory and psychosis.
previous studies reported mixed findings about the relationship between insulin resistance and depression in young people.
, however, some estimates of a 95 percent CIs between BMI trajectories and psychiatric prognosis in this study may be due to the sample size.
these special findings need to be repeated in a larger sample of mentally ill patients.
, psychosis and depression may have significant early life origins.
in mid-childhood seems to be associated with adult psychosis, while elevated BMI before and after puberty is associated with adult depression.
While residual mixing may be a problem, the results suggest that these heart metabolite markers may be one of the common risk factors and indicators for heart metabolism and mental illness in adults, or may be a new target for the prevention and treatment of heart metabolic diseases in patients with mental illness and depression.
: Perry BI, Stochl J, Upthegrove R, et al. Longitudinal Trends in Childhood Insulin Levels and Body Mass Index and Associations With Risks of Psychosis and Depression in Young Adults. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online January 13, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4180MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All noted on this website "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Original" text, images and audio and video materials, copyrights are owned by Metz Medical, without authorization, no media, website or individual may reproduce, authorized to reproduce with the words "Source: Mets Medicine".
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