J Natl Cancer Inst: Y chromosome low expression is susceptible to cancer! Study found that extremely low expression of The Y chromosome was associated with a 2.66-fold increase in the incidence of cancer in men
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Last Update: 2020-05-29
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Source: Internet
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Author: User
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Recent lying studies by Alejandro C?ceres and Juan R Gonz?lez of the Global Health Institute in Barcelona have found that extreme lybidonising (EDY) of genes on the Y chromosome is associated with an increased incidence of cancer in menFor men with EDY in their cells, the incidence of cancer was 2.66 times higher than in normal populationsThe study was published in JNCIcancer, it's really son-in-lawMany cancers, such as colon, skin, head and neck, esophageal, lung and liver cancer, favor men, except that thyroid cancer is more female, and cancer patients often have better prognosis for womenThere are, of course, reasons why men smoke and drink more, but molecular biology differences, such as sex chromosomes, are also importanthuman sex chromosomes have X and Y, two Xs in women and one X in menThere are many genetic sites associated with tumors on both chromosomesTotal loss of the Y chromosome (LOY) is common in male tumors, and LOY in peripheral blood is also one of the high-risk factors for cancer in menThe incidence and mortality of different cancers in men and womenbut is the loss of the Y chromosome increasing the risk of tumors, or is the abnormal fission in tumor development leading to the loss of the Y chromosome? The researchers studied another Y chromosome abnormality, the ExtremeLy Low Expression of the Y chromosomeresearchers first analyzed 47 tissue data from 371 men in the Gene Tissue Expression Program (GTEx), with an average of 12 different tissues per personThe researchers defined the lowest 5% of the Y chromosome gene expression as EDYAccording to this standard, 140 out of 371 people detected the presence of EDY in at least one piece of tissue, and about one-third of them completely lost the Y chromosome, which belongs to LOYthe frequency of EDY in different tissues varied widely, mostnotthely in the bladder, with EDY present in 20% of the samples, and none of the gastric tissue samples found EDYMoreover, the existence of EDY is often not limited to a single organization, the presence of EDY in one organization, and the more easily found edY in other organizations , the researchers also found that people who found EDY in at least two tissues often carried sNPs associated with Resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors The MMP12 gene, the GPAM gene associated with blood lipids, is also found to be linked to EDY , the researchers obtained genetic and transcriptome data from 12 cancer studies of tumor tissue in both normal and cancer patients Based on the data, the researchers found that men with EDY, excluding age, had a 7.33-fold higher incidence of cancer than the average person After further excluding people who lost the Y chromosome, the incidence of cancer in men with EDY was still 2.66 times higher than normal in further analysis , the researchers found that the six genes of DDX3Y, EIF1AY, KDM5D, RPS4Y1, UTY and ZFY could explain nearly 90% of the association between EDY and LOY and tumors these six genes, all located in the non-homogenous recombinant region of the Y chromosome, are functionally related to cell cycles, such as DDX3Y responsible for DNA detoxification, KDM5D and UTY related to histone demethylation, and so on Four of them also have homologous genes on the X chromosome (from geneticliteracyproject.org) their homologous genes on the X chromosome are not simple In male EDY or LOY-related tumors, homologous genes on these X chromosomes also often undergo inactivated mutations at the same time and during a woman's random inactivity of the X chromosome, all four genes were exceptions, and were not silenced along with the genes on the vast majority of other X chromosomes to maintain functionality Perhaps this also protects women and reduces their risk of cancer The increase in EDY and the increase in the number of copies of EGFR genes was significantly in addition, the researchers found that EDY was associated with changes in the number of copies and methylation modifications in many genes People carrying EDY, for example, often have more EGFR copies, while SOX4 smaller Both are tumor-related genes and may also be linked to EDY and tumors the study, stephen Chanock of the National Cancer Institute said: "This is an important observation, and more information should be made about the genes mentioned in the paper." But he also believes it is too early to say that the low expression or absence of the Y chromosome explains the gender difference in cancer incidence
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