Inventory of new products of 2014ips technology

Source: CPHI 2014-12-2 iPS technology can reprogram adult cells to regain pluripotency, iPS cells can theoretically differentiate into any type of cells, which has great application prospects in disease research, drug screening and cell therapy Self replicating RNA IPS requires the expression of four transcription factors in somatic cells, which together reverse the cell clock and generate embryonic like pluripotent stem cells In traditional protocols, these factors are delivered via retroviruses or lentivirus vectors Later, new delivery systems such as DNA plasmid, mRNA and Sendai virus were developed However, there are some shortcomings in the above delivery schemes Retroviruses and lentiviruses will be integrated into the host genome, Sendai virus is difficult to remove from the culture, mRNA is not stable and needs to be repeatedly transfected for several days, and plasmids may cause harmful genome modification, which is not suitable for some clinical applications At present, the trend of IPS is to replace virus-based delivery strategy with more secure non-virus methods In 2013, the research team led by Steve dowdy of the University of California developed a "self replicating RNA", which is almost as safe as mRNA mediated reprogramming, but does not need repeated transfection Based on VEE virus, the RNA encodes IPS reprogramming factors, screening markers and four proteins that help RNA self replicate The researchers found that the RNA only needs to be transfected once, enough to induce the body cells into iPS cells These self replicating RNA molecules can be degraded by simply removing the protein b18r in the culture medium Protein b18r is mainly responsible for inhibiting interferon signal EMD millipore has successfully commercialized this technology, which provides a more controllable reprogramming approach without affecting the host genome Stemgent also got the license for this technology At the ISSCR conference in June last year, Stemgent showed that self replicating RNA combined with its microRNA booster kit can reprogram blood cells with IPS Blood cells have always been a big problem in IPS reprogramming In fact, there is a growing demand for reprogramming of blood cell IPS It is a quite obvious trend to shift from reprogramming of fibroblasts to reprogramming of blood cells Blood is a cell resource that is easier to obtain, which can be easily obtained from patients, and a large number of samples are also stored in the blood bank In addition, it is generally believed that the genetic risk of blood cells is lower than that of fibroblasts from the skin because they are not exposed to ultraviolet light (sunlight) Stemgent's work on ISSCR is the first time RNA technology has been used to reprogram cells isolated from human blood The more perfect medium Thermo Fisher is developing its own cell culture products CTS? Essential 8? Medium is one of them Mohan vemuri, director of stem cell research and development of Thermo Fisher company, introduced that CTS essential 8 is a multi stem cell culture medium with well-defined chemical composition, which is particularly suitable for the research and application of cell therapy CTS essential 8 medium is developed on the basis of essential 8, which is a system of pluripotent stem cells without trophoblast There are some components from human serum In CTS essential 8 medium, these components are completely replaced by recombinant proteins The pluristem-xf? Human ES / IPS culture medium from EMD millipore is also a product of this kind According to asbrock, the combination of this medium with pluristem-xf recombinant hyalinin can support the growth of pluripotent cells without MEF (mouse embryonic fibroblasts) or tumor extracts (such as BD Matrigel) All of the above media belong to xenobiotic free formula, which is particularly helpful for preclinical and translational medicine applications This is because products with uncertain animal origin or chemical composition may cause regulatory problems and even risk the introduction of unknown pathogens More differentiation tools many companies have launched new products to guide IPS differentiation this year R & D systems' StemXVivo? Cardiomyocyte differentiation kit is one of them This integrated product can quickly, simply and repeatedly induce human pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, provide culture medium and cardiomyocyte specific antibody to detect differentiation In addition, R & D systems also provides StemXVivo? Series kits to induce iPS cells to differentiate into endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm cells These products can promote iPS cells to differentiate into three kinds of germ cells The kit also provides specific antibodies to identify cell types The whole experiment only takes five days R & D systems' human pluripotent stem cell function identification kit is an intuitive, fast and low-cost cell pluripotency evaluation product The traditional teratoma experiment is very troublesome, not only takes a long time, but also costs a lot Reprotesl, a new product of stemcell, can reprogram blood cells Similar to the company's TESR? - E7?, reprotesl is also non heterogeneous and can generate iPS cells with very good morphology, which is easy to identify and select Thermo Fisher also released a new medium for cell differentiation For example, the company's neural induction medium can expand 1 million iPS cells into 20 to 40 million neural stem cells in seven days, vemuri said Moreover, the plasticity of these cells is very high, and they can produce precursor cells of midbrain, hindbrain and forebrain Recently, Thermo Fisher also launched a medium to differentiate iPS cells into cardiomyocytes The product can induce human embryonic stem cells or iPS cells to differentiate into a large number of beating cardiomyocytes in about ten days Despite the emergence of so many new IPS tools this year, people's growing demand has not been fully met For example, researchers need a reliable tool to induce iPS cells into functional islet cells, which thermo and other companies are working on I believe that iPS tools will be more abundant in the market next year.