Influenza prevention and control work informs primary medical staff of new tasks

Recently, the National Health Commission issued the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in Influenza Prevention and Control in the 2021-2022 Epidemic Season", clarifying the tasks of influenza prevention and control this year, and answering questions about influenza vaccines
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The document mentions that local health administrative departments should rationally plan or establish additional influenza vaccination units, and make overall plans for the new coronavirus vaccine, influenza vaccine and other routine vaccination work
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For grassroots doctors, influenza vaccination also belongs to their scope of work.
Now the influenza is entering the outbreak period.
In this regard, the document puts forward suggestions: appointment priority vaccination can be implemented, the vaccination cycle can be extended, the time-sharing vaccination can be carried out, and the daily service time can be increased.
Measures
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At the same time, grassroots medical institutions should give full play to their role as "sentinel points", standardize pre-inspection and triage, fever referrals, and intensify popularization of core knowledge of influenza prevention and control, scientifically guide the masses to orderly vaccinate, and avoid crowding together
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In fact, at the end of September, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention issued an emergency document on influenza vaccination.
Less than a month later, the National Health Commission issued a notice on influenza prevention and control.
What is the domestic situation? Let's first look at a set of flu data
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361 cases of influenza were reported, higher than the same period last year.
According to the China National Influenza Center Influenza Weekly Report, from the 14th week of 2021 to the 40th week of 2021 (April 5, 2021-October 10, 2021), influenza-like cases were reported nationwide There were 361 outbreaks (10 cases and above)
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Among them, the southern provinces reported a total of 261 ILI outbreaks, and the northern provinces reported a total of 100 ILI outbreaks.
The number of reported epidemics in the northern and southern provinces was higher than the number of reported epidemics in the same period in 2020
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The following is a chart of the number of reported epidemics in the South and North in 2020-2022: Source: National Influenza Center In addition to the number of reported cases of influenza being higher than the same period last year, the accelerated flow of cold air in the second half of this year will also increase the risk of influenza outbreaks to a certain extent
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According to the news released by China Weather Network, the strongest cold air has already set off, bringing "cliff cooling" to many places..
In summary, under repeated tests, China's influenza epidemic prevention and control pressure has further increased
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About the flu vaccine, all 15 questions are known.
Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza.
It can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications for vaccinators
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In order to help grassroots doctors to do well in influenza health education and vaccination work more effectively, the grassroots physician commune sorted out the following key points in the document notice: 1.
What is the difference between influenza and common cold? The symptoms of the common cold are mostly nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, not much coughing, fever and headache are relatively rare
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Generally, it can heal itself in 3-7 days without treatment
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Influenza often causes high fever above 39 ℃, headache, cough, general fatigue, and muscle aches, which require treatment
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2.
Can everyone get the flu vaccine? In principle, all people who are 6 months old and above who are willing to get the flu vaccine and have no contraindications can get the flu vaccine
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3.
Who needs to be vaccinated against influenza? Medical staff, participants in large-scale events and security personnel, vulnerable groups and employees in places where people gather in elderly care institutions, long-term care institutions, or welfare homes, people in key places such as kindergartens, primary and middle schools, and elderly people aged 60 and above at home, 6 Priority is given to key and high-risk groups such as children aged 5 months, patients with chronic diseases, and pregnant women
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4.
How to get the flu vaccine? At present, China's approved influenza vaccines include trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine and trivalent live attenuated vaccine
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People who can be vaccinated with different types of vaccine products from different manufacturers can be voluntarily vaccinated with any flu vaccine
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5.
When will the flu be vaccinated? The active period of influenza virus in China is generally from October of the current year to May of the following year.
It is recommended to complete vaccination before the end of October.
Now vaccination is the best time
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6.
How many shots of influenza vaccination? Children from 6 months to 8 years old: Children who have been vaccinated for the first time or who have received only 1 dose of influenza vaccine in the past: 2 doses at an interval of ≥4 weeks; Children who have received 2 doses or more of influenza vaccine in the past: 1 dose
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Children 9 years and older and adults: only one dose is required
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7.
How long does it take to take effect after vaccination? Protective antibodies are produced 2-4 weeks after influenza vaccination
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8.
Do you have to get the flu vaccine every year? In order to ensure the maximum protection of the vaccinated population, even if the composition of the influenza vaccine is exactly the same as the previous epidemic season, considering that the immunity of most vaccinators will gradually weaken over time, influenza vaccine still needs to be vaccinated every year
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9.
Can I get the flu vaccine during breastfeeding? Breastfeeding mothers can be vaccinated normally, and can also breastfeed normally after vaccination.
At the same time, it can indirectly protect babies younger than 6 months of age who cannot be vaccinated against influenza
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10.
Can influenza vaccine and new coronavirus vaccine be vaccinated at the same time? In principle, it is recommended that the interval between influenza vaccine and new coronavirus vaccination should be greater than 14 days.
It should be noted that choosing between two doses of new coronavirus vaccine for influenza vaccination should follow the requirements for the number of new coronavirus vaccination doses and intervals
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11.
Is there a charge for flu vaccine? Influenza vaccine is a non-immunization program vaccine and is vaccinated by citizens voluntarily and at their own expense
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12.
Where can I get the flu vaccine? Local vaccination units, township (town) health centers, community health service centers, and disease prevention and control institutions can all be vaccinated
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13.
Is there anything to pay attention to during vaccination? Before vaccination, the medical staff should be proactively informed of the recent physical health and vaccination situation, under the guidance of the medical staff to choose when the vaccine and scientific vaccination plan
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14.
What are the adverse effects of influenza vaccine? The common side effects of influenza vaccine are mainly local reactions (redness, swelling, induration, pain, burning sensation, etc.
) and systemic reactions (fever, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, myalgia, etc.
)
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It is usually mild and self-limiting, usually resolves spontaneously within 1 to 2 days, and severe reactions rarely occur
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15.
In addition to vaccination, what other protective measures can prevent influenza? ① Maintain good personal hygiene, wear a mask, and wash hands frequently
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② During the flu season, try to avoid going to places where people gather
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③ After flu symptoms, cough or sneeze, cover your mouth and nose with tissues, towels, etc.
, and then wash your hands
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④Try to avoid contact with eyes, nose or mouth
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⑤When family members have flu patients, try to avoid close contact, especially when there are elderly and chronic patients at home; ⑥When children with flu symptoms go to the hospital for treatment, they should protect the children and themselves at the same time.
(Such as wearing a mask) to avoid cross-infection
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⑦When influenza-like cases occur in schools, nurseries and other collective units, the patients should stay at home to reduce the spread of the disease
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