Implementing soybean corn rotation to vitalize soybean industry in Jilin Province

Introduction: in recent years, China's soybean imports by the impact of larger, shrinking production, efficiency decline Jilin Province is the main soybean producing area in China, which is more seriously affected In response to this situation, with the support of the relevant departments of the State Council, Jilin Province took the implementation of the soybean corn rotation plan as the starting point in 2000, and comprehensively implemented the plan to revitalize the soybean industry After two years of efforts, preliminary results have been achieved Seven enterprises including Jilin Deda company have implemented soybean rotation plan in 15 counties (cities, districts), 499 towns, 5806 villages and 785594 farmers in the main grain producing areas of the central part of the province They have produced 8.09 million mu of soybeans and replaced 3.646 million mu of corn They have achieved a good effect of increasing farmers' income by 250 million yuan and increasing enterprises' efficiency by 80 million yuan At the same time, it promoted the development of soybean production in the whole province In 2001, the sown area of soybean reached 7.15 million mu, 2.97 million mu more than that in 1999 before rotation First, give full play to the comparative advantage of soybean production, and make a good layout of production areas In order to give full play to the comparative advantage of soybean production, Jilin Province determines the layout of key soybean rotation production areas in accordance with the principle of regional planting, replacement of corn area and no intersection of production base counties of order enterprises The temperature, soil and precipitation conditions in the eastern part of the province are very suitable for soybean cultivation Soybean production is relatively concentrated, and the potential for further expansion is not great The main grain producing area in the middle of China is the "golden corn belt", and the production conditions are most suitable for planting corn and soybean Therefore, the soybean rotation area is located in the main grain production area of the central part of the province, and the regional distribution and three-year rotation system are carried out to replace the common corn with soybean Second, to promote the standard cultivation technology of special varieties and improve the quality of soybeans In order to improve the quality of soybeans in the rotation area and increase the income of farmers and the benefit of enterprises, Jilin province adopts high-quality special varieties in the implementation of soybean rotation plan The processing enterprises of soybean rotation planned order production are all soybean oil production enterprises For every percentage point increase in oil content of commodity soybean, processing one ton of soybean can increase the benefit by 59 yuan In order to produce raw soybeans that meet the quality requirements of the enterprise, the enterprise and the seed and scientific research departments are organized to form a consortium to jointly breed and supply soybeans According to the needs of the enterprise for processing raw materials, farmers are provided with high oil soybean varieties with oil content of more than 22% such as Jilin 35 and jiunong22 The second is to guide farmers to carry out standardized cultivation in accordance with the technical regulations for high quality, high yield and high efficiency cultivation of soybeans It is required that the fields where soybeans are planted should be standardized farmland with no pollution, low agricultural residue, fertile soil and abundant rainfall Six standardized cultivation methods should be popularized and used for soybean production in accordance with the regulations, including excellent special varieties, fine seeding, continuous seed cleaning, plant protection, water and fertilizer management, and agricultural machinery operation Technology: the area of continuous seed cleaning of special varieties is more than 30 mu The commodity soybean produced is low agricultural residue and high-quality soybean The average oil content is increased by 1.5% The rate of green soybean and the rate of insect eating grain are obviously reduced, and the grade of commodity soybean is also increased to more than third class, so as to ensure the quality of soybean 3 To support leading enterprises and promote the construction of the base, because the benefit of planting corn in Jilin Province is higher than that of soybean, we must adopt supporting policies at the initial stage of rotation plan to ensure the implementation of rotation plan Therefore, according to the calculation and comparison of corn and soybean benefits in Jilin Province, it is determined that the per unit yield of soybean is 300-310 Jin / mu, and the subsidy for each jin of soybean produced by farmers is 0.15 yuan, and the subsidy fund is paid from the food risk fund Specifically, the enterprise supplies the farmers when purchasing soybeans The purchase price of commodity soybean standard products produced by the order of subsidized rear wheel production area was 1.05 yuan / Jin in 2000 and 1.10 yuan / Jin in 2001 In order to make the leading enterprises form scale benefits as soon as possible, the administrative departments of Jilin Province, according to the actual situation and possibility of the enterprises, try their best to give support in the enterprise reconstruction and expansion and technical transformation project approval, so as to make the enterprises grow rapidly In order to solve the problem of excessive occupation of working capital in the purchase order of enterprises, the provincial government has coordinated with the Agricultural Development Bank and the grain receiving and storage enterprises for many times, helped the soybean processing enterprises to implement the grain depot for collection and storage nearby the soybean rotation base county, coordinated the purchase capital, and the grain receiving and storage enterprises purchased the soybean produced by the order of the soybean processing enterprises, and then increased the price by 0.02 yuan / jin to sell the soybean at a favorable price Industrial enterprises In order to improve the standardized production of soybean, Jilin Province has increased investment and steadily promoted the construction of soybean production base In the soybean rotation area, the uneven fields have been leveled in the field capital construction, and drought resistant wells have been drilled in the fields in the Arid Counties and townships Each county in the rotation area has cooperated with processing enterprises or agricultural teaching and scientific research units, and established high standard soybean breeding base in the towns with better conditions In 2000 and 2001, soybean rotation area established 45000 Mu and 75000 Mu high-quality variety breeding bases respectively, and the oil content of Jilin 35, Jilin 39, Jilin 47, jiunong22 and other varieties were all over 22% IV strengthen leadership and do a good job in service, and actively develop the order agricultural soybean rotation area to implement contract management and order production in accordance with the industrialization mode of "leading enterprises + farmers" The county government of soybean rotation base and soybean processing enterprises sign the soybean planting agreement, which stipulates that the soybean production shall be organized by the county government of the base Under the leadership of the government, the departments of agriculture, agricultural materials, grain, finance, etc shall be respectively responsible for the formulation and implementation of soybean rotation plan, the implementation of the order contract, the recommendation of high-quality soybean varieties, the supply and adjustment of seeds and agricultural means of production Agent, production technology guidance and service, production fund raising, etc Soybean processing enterprises and farmers sign production and marketing contracts, which specify the rights and obligations of both enterprises and farmers, planting area and output, quality standards and purchase quantity, purchase date and price, liability for breach of contract and punishment methods, etc the contract fully takes into account all possible situations The text terms are specified in detail according to the contract law, so that both parties can meet the requirements of the contract Contract operation In order to strengthen the organization and leadership of soybean rotation plan, the provincial government and each base and county government have set up a leading organization of soybean rotation plan, led by the administrative leader in charge of agriculture, to organize and implement the soybean rotation plan, coordinate and solve the problems in the work, and do a good job in comprehensive services, so that the soybean rotation plan can be implemented smoothly V the plan to do well in soybean production this year is the key year connecting the preceding and the following during the Tenth Five Year Plan period Jilin Province will launch the "soybean revitalization plan" in an all-round way according to the deployment of the Ministry of agriculture, adopt regional layout, specialized varieties, standardized production, industrialized management and diversified development, and promote the quality and efficiency of soybean production Three key points will be highlighted in the work: 1 Do a good job in soybean quality and safety Jilin Province is not only a pollution-free and genetically modified soybean production area, but also a high-quality export soybean production area Therefore, Jilin Province will take the quality and safety of soybean as the primary goal of soybean production, select high-quality, suitable region and special soybean varieties, and improve the quality of commodity soybean In order to ensure the environmental safety of soybean production, we should adopt standardized production and strictly abide by the requirements of low toxicity, low residue and short residual effect Do a good job in the quality inspection of commodity soybeans to ensure that the export of soybeans is not limited by foreign technical barriers 2 Link up soybean production and sales This year, Jilin Province will arrange an area of 9 million mu of soybeans, and the per unit yield will increase to 350 Jin / mu, with a total output of about 1.58 million tons At present, there are more than 30 soybean processing enterprises with an annual digestibility of 1.25 million tons Through technological transformation and expansion, four enterprises including Jilin Deda company will increase their processing capacity by more than 600000 tons by the end of October this year, and export of high protein soybeans will reach 60000 tons In order to combine production and marketing of soybeans, Jilin Province will combine the farmers who produce soybeans with the enterprises that process soybeans through the implementation of all orders, so as to ensure that all the soybeans produced are sold out, and the processing materials required by the enterprises can be purchased, so as to realize smooth production and marketing connection 3 Link up soybean production and processing This year, Jilin Province plans to divide the whole province into several soybean production bases Each soybean production base is led by one or several leading soybean processing enterprises The industrialization production mode of "company + farmer" is implemented, and farmers are organized to produce according to the quality requirements of raw soybean The provincial government will formulate preferential policies to support enterprises to do well in soybean processing and extend the industrial chain, especially to develop high-tech and high value-added deep processing products At present, some enterprises have already started the processing projects of soybean polysaccharide, protein powder, protein peptide, isoflavone and other deep processing products, and will soon be put into production Soybean processing has become another economic growth point in Jilin Province (author:) share to feed Weibo share to: