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[ Hot Focus on Chemical Machinery and Equipment Network ] Since its birth, Chinese archaeology has shouldered the important task of exploring the long history of Chinese civilization, and at the same time, it has also undertaken the important task of enhancing national self-confidence
.
"Archaeological work is an important cultural undertaking as well as a work of great social and political significance.
" Without the scientific discovery of archaeology and the correct understanding of archaeology, the length and aspect of history may remain in the relationship between myths and legends.
During this time, the mysterious veil of the origin of Chinese civilization has always been difficult to uncover
.
Chemical machinery and equipment network hotspots focus on chemical machinery and equipment.
"Archaeological work is an important cultural undertaking as well as a work of great social and political significance.
" Without the scientific discovery of archaeology and the correct understanding of archaeology, the length and aspect of history may remain in the relationship between myths and legends.
During this time, the mysterious veil of the origin of Chinese civilization has always been difficult to uncover
.
Recently, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage announced at the important progress work meeting of the "Archaeological China" major project that at the Xima Monument site in Hebei, archaeological researchers confirmed that a piece of hematite was enriched according to Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and other technical analysis.
In the dyeing area of the mine, friction marks were found on the surface of some hematite ore, which were presumed to be the remains of pigment processing
.
This discovery is the earliest known remains of prehistoric human processed pigments in China and even in East Asia
.
In the dyeing area of the mine, friction marks were found on the surface of some hematite ore, which were presumed to be the remains of pigment processing
.
This discovery is the earliest known remains of prehistoric human processed pigments in China and even in East Asia
.
In January this year, the University of Science and Technology of China used relevant analytical instruments to analyze the source of plant species and damage characteristics of the residual ancient starch granules extracted from the surface of some stone tools unearthed from the Shuangdun site in Bengbu, Anhui, and obtained Neolithic for the first time.
Direct evidence for the transition from grinding discs and grinding sticks to pestle and mortar combination tools in the middle and late era of human plant food processing tools
.
Analytical InstrumentsDirect evidence for the transition from grinding discs and grinding sticks to pestle and mortar combination tools in the middle and late era of human plant food processing tools
.
In the past, archaeology was very difficult
.
The first is to find the location of the tomb.
Without the help of relevant precise instruments, archaeologists can only rely on their own experience to find the location of the tomb.
More often, they happen to encounter ancient tombs when digging foundations for some buildings.
Since no relevant information has been detected before, some ancient tombs will suffer large or small damage, which will also have a certain impact on subsequent archaeological operations
.
Also, in the process of excavation after finding a tomb, inappropriate equipment makes the process of excavation cautious and difficult, at that time, in order to obtain accurate orientation and location, archaeologists often can only use many very primitive tools a little bit Clearing, the progress of the entire archaeology has become slow
.
.
The first is to find the location of the tomb.
Without the help of relevant precise instruments, archaeologists can only rely on their own experience to find the location of the tomb.
More often, they happen to encounter ancient tombs when digging foundations for some buildings.
Since no relevant information has been detected before, some ancient tombs will suffer large or small damage, which will also have a certain impact on subsequent archaeological operations
.
Also, in the process of excavation after finding a tomb, inappropriate equipment makes the process of excavation cautious and difficult, at that time, in order to obtain accurate orientation and location, archaeologists often can only use many very primitive tools a little bit Clearing, the progress of the entire archaeology has become slow
.
Similarly, when the ancients were buried, they often put a lot of food in the tomb.
For a long time, the food gradually rotted and deteriorated
.
The ancient tombs are airtight, and these rotten food gradually turned into an unbearable stench in the tombs.
It is impossible to guarantee that there will be harmful gases in them.
If there is no accurate gas analyzer, it can only rely on rough It is difficult to play an effective protective role, and the lives of archaeologists will be affected
.
Finally, and the most difficult step, is to analyze the material of the antiquities, the age and the degree of damage
.
For a long time, the food gradually rotted and deteriorated
.
The ancient tombs are airtight, and these rotten food gradually turned into an unbearable stench in the tombs.
It is impossible to guarantee that there will be harmful gases in them.
If there is no accurate gas analyzer, it can only rely on rough It is difficult to play an effective protective role, and the lives of archaeologists will be affected
.
Finally, and the most difficult step, is to analyze the material of the antiquities, the age and the degree of damage
.
As early as 2009, China developed a vehicle-type "mobile laboratory" that can detect and protect cultural relics at the excavation site, integrating information collection, intelligent pre-detection, analysis and detection, on-site extraction and other functions on the mobile vehicle.
The intelligent control, sensor , computer, transmission, data processing and space technology and other equipment can also detect and analyze the cultural relics unearthed at the first time and collect the environmental data of the cultural relics unearthed.
However, the instrument still has certain defects, and some data results It is also impossible to accurately grasp, resulting in long-term measurement and calibration in the follow-up
.
sensorThe intelligent control, sensor , computer, transmission, data processing and space technology and other equipment can also detect and analyze the cultural relics unearthed at the first time and collect the environmental data of the cultural relics unearthed.
However, the instrument still has certain defects, and some data results It is also impossible to accurately grasp, resulting in long-term measurement and calibration in the follow-up
.
With the continuous development of science and technology, more and more precision instruments have been manufactured and widely used in the field of archaeology
.
For example, magnetic exploration technology can detect the abnormal range of magnetism according to the difference in the magnetic properties of masonry structures or roads, ditches and other relics left by humans in the stratum and the surrounding environment, so as to determine the approximate range of artificial relics such as tombs; resistivity exploration The technology can record the electrical difference and strength of the geotechnical layer and buried objects, and understand their existence, so as to find out the distribution of ancient river channels, tombs and caves, and detect and find the burial of ancient city walls and large rammed earth building foundations.
depth and thickness of rammed earth,
etc.
The precise harmful gas analyzer is a kind of gas analyzer.
It can effectively detect the biogas, CO, chlorine and other gases that are harmful to the human body, and can even display the content of various gases directly on the screen.
In archaeological work can also play an important role
.
.
For example, magnetic exploration technology can detect the abnormal range of magnetism according to the difference in the magnetic properties of masonry structures or roads, ditches and other relics left by humans in the stratum and the surrounding environment, so as to determine the approximate range of artificial relics such as tombs; resistivity exploration The technology can record the electrical difference and strength of the geotechnical layer and buried objects, and understand their existence, so as to find out the distribution of ancient river channels, tombs and caves, and detect and find the burial of ancient city walls and large rammed earth building foundations.
depth and thickness of rammed earth,
etc.
The precise harmful gas analyzer is a kind of gas analyzer.
It can effectively detect the biogas, CO, chlorine and other gases that are harmful to the human body, and can even display the content of various gases directly on the screen.
In archaeological work can also play an important role
.
In addition to geochemical and physical techniques, remote sensing techniques are also widely used in archaeological research
.
Although ancient relics were buried in soil or covered by weeds and trees in history, there are differences in soil composition, moisture, surface temperature and other environmental factors between artificial buildings and the surrounding native soil that have not been affected by human activities, although these differences may not be visible under visible light.
discernible, but identifiable in remotely sensed spectral images
.
.
Although ancient relics were buried in soil or covered by weeds and trees in history, there are differences in soil composition, moisture, surface temperature and other environmental factors between artificial buildings and the surrounding native soil that have not been affected by human activities, although these differences may not be visible under visible light.
discernible, but identifiable in remotely sensed spectral images
.
Including the recently developed quantum gravitational gradiometer, which can use the principles of quantum physics to detect changes in microgravity, measure subtle changes in the pull of the gravitational field as atomic clouds fall, and the elimination of noise due to vibration will "unlock" high spatial resolution.
Gravity mapping, greatly improving geological topographic mapping, this sensor can also be used in archaeology, mapping tombs and hidden structures without destructive excavation
.
Gravity mapping, greatly improving geological topographic mapping, this sensor can also be used in archaeology, mapping tombs and hidden structures without destructive excavation
.
"Whether we can use scientific and technological archaeological methods more widely and effectively in archaeological research has become an important yardstick for measuring the level of a country's archaeological research in the 21st century,
" said Yuan Jing, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
.
Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, more and more scientific instruments and professional equipment are used in archaeology, and scientific and technological archaeology is an inevitable trend in the field of archaeology
.
In the future archaeological industry, scientific instruments and equipment will play an increasingly important role, and will also provide more convenience for the preservation and restoration of cultural relics, and promote the long-term development of the archaeological cause
.
" said Yuan Jing, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
.
Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, more and more scientific instruments and professional equipment are used in archaeology, and scientific and technological archaeology is an inevitable trend in the field of archaeology
.
In the future archaeological industry, scientific instruments and equipment will play an increasingly important role, and will also provide more convenience for the preservation and restoration of cultural relics, and promote the long-term development of the archaeological cause
.
(Data reference: Science Daily, China Science and Technology Network, World Wide Web)
Original title: "Identification" of historical instruments and equipment escorts archaeology
