How to choose melanoma treatment?

Recent popular reports from Yimicker ★Professor Carl June, the "Father of CAR-T", joins the scientific advisory team of Beiheng Biotechnology.
★A wonderful review of 2021 BPIDThe opening ceremony and the third star awards ceremony October 24, 2021 / Yimicker News eMedClub News/--In tumor treatment, up to 90% of tumors are solid tumors
.

Therefore, the overcoming of solid tumors has always been a problem in T cell therapy
.

Recently, the Journal of Biological Chemistry published an article proving that at the same T cell level, compared with TCR-T therapy, CAR-T therapy requires a higher antigen level in the tumor during the treatment of melanoma.
In order to achieve the same effect
.

In the experiment, the researchers designed a high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA) specific CAR so that T cells can recognize the HLA-A2-related SL9 peptide to study the efficiency of CAR-T cell cytolytic reaction
.

The results showed that specific CD8+ CAR-T cells can effectively kill melanoma cells expressing HMW-MAA at high levels, but not cells with low expression
.

But for melanoma cells of the same origin, even if the cell has a low level of stimulating peptide-MHC ligand, it is easy to be lysed by T cells transduced with specific α and β-TCR
.

▲ CD8+ CAR-T cells destroy melanoma cells expressing different levels of HMW-MAA (source: literature).
Experimental data shows that compared with TCR-T, CAR-T therapy requires a higher level of targeting molecules to participate more A number of CARs to induce effective release of cytolytic particles and destruction of melanoma cells
.

Inventory of CAR-T and TCR-T companies targeting solid tumors In fact, CAR-T and TCR-T therapies follow different therapeutic mechanisms in the treatment of solid tumors
.

Although the track of CAR-T treatment of solid tumors has always been facing the need to improve the level of targeted molecules, because the levels of melanoma antigens from different sources are naturally different, there are still many companies looking for the treatment of specific entities.
The possibility of tumor
.

CAR-T has a large number of domestic and foreign companies involved in CAR-T therapy for solid tumors, and they have used the more mature production and design technology in the field of CAR-T in hematomas to start their layout early
.

International companies, including Celyad, Mustang biological, BMS, BioNTech, Belicum, Poseida , Atara and so on
.

Domestic layout CAR-T therapy of solid tumors track companies, including Cozi medicine, Xi Biman, interactive hi biological, Cinda biological / medical reindeer, Chongqing precise biology
.

Among the many CAR-T companies that treat solid tumors, many companies or institutions have stopped at the preclinical or early clinical research stage
.

At present, so far, no solid tumor CAR-T variety has entered a confirmatory clinical trial
.

Recommended reading: ESMOCar-T track for solid tumors is being launched.
Keji's CAR-T therapy targeting Claudin 18.
2 has made remarkable progress.
TCR-T TCR-T has not yet launched a product in the world, but the market is rapidly heating up
.

TCR-based strategies have also been deployed by many companies, including Ziopharm Oncology, Adaptimmune Therapeutics, TCR2 Therapeutics, Immunocore, Medigene, Adaptive Biotechnologies, GSK, Genentech, Bluebird bio, Lion Bio, BioNTech, etc.
; as well as domestic Xiangxue Precision, Kerui Bio and so on
.

Among them, the fastest progressing in the world should be Adaptimmune's TCR-T cell therapy targeting NY-ESO, and the indication is metaplastic sarcoma
.

This product candidate was awarded the FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation and EMA Priority Drug Program in 2016, and is expected to submit a BLA application in 2022
.

Other indications are currently being expanded
.

Recommended reading: TCR-T cell therapy phase 1 clinical trial results are positive, for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinomaMai Meng broke the news reference materials: 1.
https://mp.
weixin.
qq.
com/s/V9U5X4p9tnnCDxNvhCU4wg2.
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
jbc.
2021.
101033