How to apply near-infrared functional brain imaging in clinical practice?

Introduction to functional near-infrared brain imaging, also known as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), as a non-invasive brain functional neuroimaging technology, has simple operation, low cost of use, strong anti-interference, good compatibility, etc.
Advantages, it can realize the rapid examination of the brain function of patients in various natural clinical scenarios, and is widely used in the clinical field.
In this context, this expert consensus introduces the fNIRS technology in stroke neurorehabilitation and mental illness (depression, schizophrenia) Disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety, etc.
), childhood developmental disorders (neonatal brain injury, cerebral palsy, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment) ､Parkinson) and other fields of clinical application value, and emphasized the relevant operating specifications, aiming to guide the clinical application of fNIRS and the reasonable interpretation of the results, to better serve the clinic.
The clinical application and significance of near-infrared functional brain imaging 1 Consensus opinion on the clinical application of fNIRS in the field of stroke rehabilitation: fNIRS technology provides a noninvasive, real-time, dynamic and reproducible brain function detection method for stroke patients, which can provide an important imaging basis for the formulation of clinical rehabilitation programs, and Real-time feedback on the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions, reflecting and judging the reconstruction of nerve function, has important clinical application value in guiding and optimizing rehabilitation programs.
2 Consensus opinion on the clinical application of fNIRS in the field of mental illness: In the clinical application of mental illness, fNIRS can be used Real-time detection of brain function in patients with various mental illnesses performing cognitive function tasks, such as typical speech fluency tasks, has formed some specific biological indicators related to mental illness, including integral values, center of gravity values, etc.
Mental diseases provide quantitative inspection and evaluation methods.
FNIRS examinations are carried out before, during, and after the patient's medication, rTMS and other neuromodulation treatments, which is of great value for the evaluation of curative effects.
3 Consensus opinion on clinical application of fNIRS in the field of pediatrics: fNIRSAs one of the most ideal neuroimaging techniques for exploring children’s brain functions, it has been increasingly used in recent years to describe the development of children’s cerebral cortical activity, brain functional connections and network topology characteristics, which are brain dysfunctions (cerebral palsy, loneliness).
Syndrome spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, etc.
) Provide quantitative brain function detection indicators, which have important clinical value for disease identification, evaluation, efficacy evaluation, and efficacy prediction.
4 Consensus on clinical application of fNIRS in the field of neurodegenerative diseases Opinion: fNIRS technology obtains cerebral blood oxygen signals and combines signal analysis methods to extract effective measurement parameters such as brain activation and brain network connection, which can be used as biological indicators for the diagnosis and evaluation of MCI, AD and PD.
In addition, fNIRS can provide and treat Related cerebral cortex activation and brain network connection change information has important clinical application value in the evaluation of disease severity, guidance of treatment, and evaluation of curative effect.
Operation specification 1.
Before testing, confirm that the acquisition probe covers the correct brain area.
The recommended approach is to use the probe The characteristic points of the head cap and the probe holder accurately positioned on the standard head mold correspond to the characteristic points on the top of the subject's head (such as the full head cap usually refers to the Cz point, the forehead banded head cap usually refers to the Fpz point, the small-scale plate-shaped head cap is usually referred to Customize the target area feature points) alignment.
2.
To ensure the validity of the results during pre-acquisition and acquisition, attention should be paid to the signal quality of each channel (set adjacent transmitting probes-receiving probes to form an effective channel).
Original light intensity signal The curve should be stable and accompanied by 1~2Hz heartbeat signal fluctuations, and the value should meet the reasonable threshold set by the device.
3.
Assess environmental requirements.
Do not set the fNIRS device in an environment that is susceptible to excessive vibration or shock, abnormal changes in power supply voltage, and direct sunlight.
, So as not to affect the signal quality.
4.
When conducting brain function examinations based on fNIRS technology, it should be noted that the signal quality of the frontal lobe without hair coverage and other brain areas covered by hair (such as parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe) , To ensure the validity of the examination results.
Yimaitong is compiled from: Expert consensus on clinical application of near-infrared functional brain imaging.
"Chinese Geriatric Healthcare Medicine".
2021 Vol.
19 No.
2.
Before testing, make sure that the acquisition probe covers the correct brain area.
The recommended method is to place the probe head cap and the probe on the feature points accurately positioned on the standard head model, and correspond to the feature points on the top of the subject's head (for example, the full head cap usually refers to the Cz point and the forehead belt).
The shape head cap usually refers to the Fpz point, and the small-scale plate head cap usually refers to the feature points of the custom target area.
2.
When pre-acquisition and acquisition, in order to ensure the validity of the results, attention should be paid to each channel (set adjacent emission) The signal quality of the probe-the receiving probe constitutes the effective channel).
The original light intensity signal curve should be stable and accompanied by 1~2Hz heartbeat signal fluctuations, and the value should meet the reasonable threshold set by the equipment.
3.
Do not set the fNIRS device in the easy Excessive vibration or shock, abnormal changes in power supply voltage and direct sunlight, so as not to affect the signal quality.
4.
When performing brain function tests based on fNIRS technology, it should be noted that the frontal lobe without hair coverage and other areas covered by hair should be ensured The signal quality of brain areas (such as parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe) ensure the validity of the examination results.
Yimaitong is compiled from: Expert consensus on clinical application of near-infrared brain function imaging.
"Chinese Geriatric Health Medicine".
2021 No.
19 Volume No.
2.
Before testing, make sure that the acquisition probe covers the correct brain area.
The recommended method is to place the probe head cap and the probe on the feature points accurately positioned on the standard head model, and correspond to the feature points on the top of the subject's head (for example, the full head cap usually refers to the Cz point and the forehead belt).
The shape head cap usually refers to the Fpz point, and the small-scale plate head cap usually refers to the feature points of the custom target area.
2.
When pre-acquisition and acquisition, in order to ensure the validity of the results, attention should be paid to each channel (set adjacent emission) The signal quality of the probe-the receiving probe constitutes the effective channel).
The original light intensity signal curve should be stable and accompanied by 1~2Hz heartbeat signal fluctuations, and the value should meet the reasonable threshold set by the equipment.
3.
Do not set the fNIRS device in the easy Excessive vibration or shock, abnormal changes in power supply voltage and direct sunlight, so as not to affect the signal quality.
4.
When performing brain function tests based on fNIRS technology, it should be noted that the frontal lobe without hair coverage and other areas covered by hair should be ensured The signal quality of brain areas (such as parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe) ensures the validity of the examination results.
Yimaitong is compiled from: Expert consensus on clinical application of near-infrared functional brain imaging.
"Chinese Geriatric Health Medicine".
2021 No.
19 Volume No.
2.