How far is the new crown special effects medicine coming?

Pharmaceutical Network July 8th, the new crown epidemic is still spreading around the worldIn addition to vaccines, there is also hope for special drugsAt present, more and more candidate drugs have entered the field of view of researchers, a large number of clinical trials are being carried out around the world, but the real new generic drugs have not yet emergedSo, how does the development of the new crown special effects drug progress? Where's the breakout? How long will it take for a real special effects drug to come out?Search for potential targets
the development of specific antiviral drugs, first of all, based on the new coronavirus invasion of human cells, self-replication and disease-causing and other key mechanisms to screen and design drug targetsLi Wenhui, a researcher at the Beijing Institute of Life Sciences, told reporters recently that the new crown drug targets are known to be divided into two categories, one targeting the new coronavirus itself, and the other targeting the host is the human bodyTargets of targeted viruses can also be subdivided, one of which is a stinging protein that helps the virus invade cells, where the receptor binding domain (RBD) is a key target, and the other for the viral replication phase, where the main protease and "RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) are considered to be two more promising targets."The main protease is like a "magic shear", there are at least 11 cutting sites on the new crown virus replication enzyme peptides, only after these sites are properly cut, these virus replication-related "parts" can be successfully assembled into a copy ingebook machine, start the replication of the virusAnd RdRp is like the core "engine" of viral RNA (ribonucleic acid) synthesis, with the virus at its core, the virus cleverly uses other cofactors to assemble an efficient RNA synthesis machine to replicate itselfTo date, researchers have successfully observed the structure of several new coronavirus targetsThe relevant research has laid a solid foundation for the research and development of the new crown drugThe U.Steam first reported on the three-dimensional structure of the sting protein on an atomic scale in FebruaryIn March, the team of Shanghai University of Science and Technology and Tsinghua University analyzed the three-dimensional spatial structure of the core "engine" of the transcription already-nsp7-nsp8 complexShanghai University of Science and Technology and the Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported in April a main protease potent inhibitor N3, and the first analysis of the "main protease-N3" high-resolution complex structure 　　Targeting the human body is more complex because of the variety of symptoms of the new coronavirus infection, which affects multiple organs In terms of treatment, more of these targets are still being explored, some of which target the immune system 　　Multiple directions and according to experts, in the research of the new crown drug basically covers the common drug types, in small molecule-targeted drugs, biomolecular drugs and other directions have made progress, the future may also appear stem cell therapy, gene therapy and other candidates 　　In the field of small molecule drug development, several teams have reported new findings targeting candidate compounds targeting the main protease, which they believe have the potential to develop as a new coronal drug Researchers at the University of Luebeck in Germany developed alpha-ketoneamide antiviral compounds targeting the main protease after the SARS outbreak, and in May this year published its "improved version" of alpha-ketoneamide 13b cell experimental data Australian researchers have confirmed through computer simulations that it is effective in preventing the new coronavirus from replicating 　　On June 19th, the U.S journal Science introduced two compounds 11a and 11b, targeting the main protease, in a cover article in the U.S journal Science The team not only analyzed the patterns of interaction between the two compounds and the neo-coronavirus main protease, but also revealed their molecular mechanisms for inhibiting the main protease 　　In the development of biomolecular drugs, teams around the world have reported monoclonal antibodies against the new coronavirus The Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Junshi Biological Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd and other units jointly developed to recombine the whole human-derived anti-new coronavirus monoclonal antibody injection has recently been approved into clinical trials, is expected to be used in the near future for the prevention and treatment of new crown infection 　　The development of the drug candidate is based on the single anti-CB6 isolated by the Chinese research team from the newly crowned patients In animal experiments conducted with rhesus monkeys, CB6 demonstrated the ability to prevent and treat new crown infections, highly overlapping with the stingprotein RBD binding site and host cells, and having a more "affinity" than host cells, according to a report published online in May 　　"Old medicine" shows the new effect
"old medicine new use" is also one of the main research and development strategies of the new crown drug If the drugs that are effective in the new coronavirus infection can be found in existing drugs, we can bypass the stages of pharmacological research, animal experimentation, and enter into clinical trials 　　The common corticosteroid hormone dexamethasone has been shown to reduce the risk of death in patients with dangerous re-crowns The team led the team at the University of Oxford in the UK used dexamethasone in clinical trials for more than 2,000 patients with severe new crowns, a drug that reduced the risk of death by 35 per cent for patients who needed a ventilator and 20 per cent for those who needed oxygen The World Health Organization has called for an increase in the production of the drug 　　Drugs such as Redsivir, Fapilavir and Tozhumonodita also showed clinical effects on different groups of patients with new crowns, although the clinical effects of hydroxychloroquine, which had been hoped for, were not as good as expected 　　"Some of the old drugs have an effect on known targets and known mechanisms, and now there are some new clinical trialresults." Ding Sheng, director of the Global center for Health Drug Research and Development and dean of Tsinghua University's School of Pharmacy, said the progress of the trial could help define the "old drug" for the patient population, achieve more accurate drug use and propose new combinations of drugs 　　Ding Sheng also stressed that the "old medicine" is not, after all, for the development of new crown virus drugs, researchers still want to use proven targets to develop new crown special effects drugs Basic research has accumulated much for the development of new crown drugs, but there is no shortcut to new drug development, and the development of a new drug could take up to 10 years to be approved and hundreds of millions of dollars in capital investment Drug research and development for the new coronavirus is supported by specific scientific laws and strict logic, which cannot be achieved overnight