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Yang Jing from the Concave Temple qubit | Public account QbitAI How does the brain do a math problem? Only recently did scientists have the answer -- there are specialized "mathematical neurons
.
"
When performing calculations, some neurons are active while adding, but another wave of neurons starts firing when the brain is doing subtraction
.
And whether you see mathematical symbols, or the text of addition and subtraction
.
Once encountered, neurons can be summoned to work
.
Related research from the University of Tübingen and the University of Bonn was published in Current Biology, a sub-journal of Cell
.
Let's see what kind of research this is
.
Does the brain do arithmetic? Previous studies have shown that there are neurons in the monkey brains that are specific for computing rules
.
But there is no relevant data on the human brain
.
Based on this background, the research team carried out related explorations
.
In simple terms, this experiment involves implanting tiny electrodes in the MTL (hippocampus and its cortex) region of the brain, allowing volunteers to add and subtract to test their neuronal activity
.
The volunteers were 9 patients with epilepsy, including 4 males, with an average age of 43.
3 years
.
Because in these patients, the seizures always originate in the same area of the brain, the MTL, to pinpoint the defect area, doctors have implanted multiple electrodes into the patient
.
Benefiting from such a premise, the researchers chose 9-10 clinical Behnke-Fried depth electrodes to record neuronal signals, each depth electrode containing a bundle of nine platinum-iridium microelectrodes with tips projecting about 4 mm
.
During the experiment, the volunteers sat on the bed
.
At a distance of about 50 centimeters, there is a touchscreen laptop
.
Numbers (or dots) and symbols are displayed in sequence on the screen, after which the volunteers select the calculation result from the numeric keypad, and then a computer displays "correct" or "wrong"
.
There was an 800-millisecond delay between each display; each subject consisted of a total of 320 trials, divided into 4 groups
.
The first 10 trials were considered rehearsals and were not included in subsequent analyses
.
The researchers recorded the action potentials of a total of 585 individual neurons in the MTL region: 126 neurons in the parahippocampal cortex (PHC), 199 neurons in the hippocampus (HIPP), entorhinal cortex ( 107 neurons in the EC) and 153 neurons in the amygdala (AMY)
.
and input the entire movement pattern into a self-learning computer program
.
Based on multivariate ANOVA, rule-selective neurons were first identified
.
What does that mean? These neurons selectively increase firing after a computational command (ie, add or subtract)
.
It can be seen that in the case of the A and B addition rules in the figure, the specific activity of the additive neuron (red) is shown
.
The same is true for the subtraction neurons represented by C and D (blue)
.
Moreover, the proportion of neurons with selectivity was different for different task cycles and MTL regions
.
In addition to this, the team found that the encoding of computational rules was independent of rule cues, and that in the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) region (Figure I), different additive neurons were alternately active during the same arithmetic task
.
The researchers describe it as if the plus key on a calculator was constantly changing its position
.
Subtraction is the same
.
Professor Mormann, from the Department of Epilepsy at the University Hospital Bonn, said the study marks an important step towards understanding mathematical calculations in the brain
.
The next step is to understand what role these neurons play in this
.
Paper link: https://#secsectitle009000116-6#secsectitle0090) GitHub link: https://github.
com/EstherKutter/Neuronal- Codes-For-Arithmetic-Rule-Processing-In-The-Human-Brain Reference link: [1] https://—End—“Smart Car” Exchange Group recruiting! Friends who are concerned about smart cars and autonomous driving are welcome to join the community, communicate and discuss with industry leaders, and do not miss the development and technological progress of the smart car industry
.
ps.
Please be sure to note your name-company-position~Click here👇 to follow me, remember to star~ One-click three consecutive "Share", "Like" and "Watching" the progress of the frontier of science and technology.
see~
.
"
When performing calculations, some neurons are active while adding, but another wave of neurons starts firing when the brain is doing subtraction
.
And whether you see mathematical symbols, or the text of addition and subtraction
.
Once encountered, neurons can be summoned to work
.
Related research from the University of Tübingen and the University of Bonn was published in Current Biology, a sub-journal of Cell
.
Let's see what kind of research this is
.
Does the brain do arithmetic? Previous studies have shown that there are neurons in the monkey brains that are specific for computing rules
.
But there is no relevant data on the human brain
.
Based on this background, the research team carried out related explorations
.
In simple terms, this experiment involves implanting tiny electrodes in the MTL (hippocampus and its cortex) region of the brain, allowing volunteers to add and subtract to test their neuronal activity
.
The volunteers were 9 patients with epilepsy, including 4 males, with an average age of 43.
3 years
.
Because in these patients, the seizures always originate in the same area of the brain, the MTL, to pinpoint the defect area, doctors have implanted multiple electrodes into the patient
.
Benefiting from such a premise, the researchers chose 9-10 clinical Behnke-Fried depth electrodes to record neuronal signals, each depth electrode containing a bundle of nine platinum-iridium microelectrodes with tips projecting about 4 mm
.
During the experiment, the volunteers sat on the bed
.
At a distance of about 50 centimeters, there is a touchscreen laptop
.
Numbers (or dots) and symbols are displayed in sequence on the screen, after which the volunteers select the calculation result from the numeric keypad, and then a computer displays "correct" or "wrong"
.
There was an 800-millisecond delay between each display; each subject consisted of a total of 320 trials, divided into 4 groups
.
The first 10 trials were considered rehearsals and were not included in subsequent analyses
.
The researchers recorded the action potentials of a total of 585 individual neurons in the MTL region: 126 neurons in the parahippocampal cortex (PHC), 199 neurons in the hippocampus (HIPP), entorhinal cortex ( 107 neurons in the EC) and 153 neurons in the amygdala (AMY)
.
and input the entire movement pattern into a self-learning computer program
.
Based on multivariate ANOVA, rule-selective neurons were first identified
.
What does that mean? These neurons selectively increase firing after a computational command (ie, add or subtract)
.
It can be seen that in the case of the A and B addition rules in the figure, the specific activity of the additive neuron (red) is shown
.
The same is true for the subtraction neurons represented by C and D (blue)
.
Moreover, the proportion of neurons with selectivity was different for different task cycles and MTL regions
.
In addition to this, the team found that the encoding of computational rules was independent of rule cues, and that in the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) region (Figure I), different additive neurons were alternately active during the same arithmetic task
.
The researchers describe it as if the plus key on a calculator was constantly changing its position
.
Subtraction is the same
.
Professor Mormann, from the Department of Epilepsy at the University Hospital Bonn, said the study marks an important step towards understanding mathematical calculations in the brain
.
The next step is to understand what role these neurons play in this
.
Paper link: https://#secsectitle009000116-6#secsectitle0090) GitHub link: https://github.
com/EstherKutter/Neuronal- Codes-For-Arithmetic-Rule-Processing-In-The-Human-Brain Reference link: [1] https://—End—“Smart Car” Exchange Group recruiting! Friends who are concerned about smart cars and autonomous driving are welcome to join the community, communicate and discuss with industry leaders, and do not miss the development and technological progress of the smart car industry
.
ps.
Please be sure to note your name-company-position~Click here👇 to follow me, remember to star~ One-click three consecutive "Share", "Like" and "Watching" the progress of the frontier of science and technology.
see~
